Eron L J
Cutis. 1985 Nov 15;36(5A):15-20.
Because of rising hospital costs, the use of outpatient antibiotic therapy, both oral and parenteral, is increasing. A program for the intravenous administration of antibiotics to outpatients has been established as a freestanding outpatient clinic (Intracare). Some diseases lend themselves to treatment in such a setting better than others. Osteomyelitis accounted for one-third of the diagnoses in the first 1,000 patients treated at Intracare. While patients are usually begun on intravenous antibiotics following initial surgical debridement in the hospital, hospitalization may be avoided entirely in some patients who undergo surgery in outpatient surgical centers and are begun on intravenous antibiotics immediately afterwards at Intracare. For outpatient use, cephalosporins are most frequently used because of their efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics, which allows less-frequent administration. Both cefazolin and ceftriaxone were used most frequently in the Intracare program, although the once-daily administration of ceftriaxone was considered most convenient for outpatients and allowed them to return to normal activities even while receiving antibiotic therapy.
由于医院成本不断上升，门诊抗生素治疗（包括口服和胃肠外给药）的使用正在增加。一个针对门诊患者静脉注射抗生素的项目已作为一个独立的门诊诊所（Intracare）设立。有些疾病比其他疾病更适合在这种环境中治疗。骨髓炎占Intracare治疗的前1000例患者诊断病例的三分之一。虽然患者通常在医院进行初次手术清创后开始静脉注射抗生素，但对于一些在门诊手术中心接受手术并随后立即在Intracare开始静脉注射抗生素的患者，可能完全无需住院。在门诊使用中，头孢菌素因其疗效、安全性和药代动力学特性而最常被使用，这使得给药频率较低。头孢唑林和头孢曲松在Intracare项目中使用最为频繁，不过头孢曲松每日一次给药被认为对门诊患者最为方便，甚至在接受抗生素治疗期间也能让他们恢复正常活动。
