Montoy Juan Carlos C, Wang Ralph C, Coker Allison R, Smollin Craig G, Anderson Brian T
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open. 2025 Aug 30;6(5):100231. doi: 10.1016/j.acepjo.2025.100231. eCollection 2025 Oct.
Given the increasing use of psilocybin-containing substances across a variety of use settings, understanding the potential risks is imperative for informing public health policy, health care providers, and consumers. Poison centers (PCs) receive calls following exposures to potential toxins to support the detection, prevention, and treatment of toxin-related health emergencies. This report assesses trends in PC encounters of psilocybin and a subset of other comparator substances.
A retrospective study of PC encounters documenting exposure to psilocybin, other psychedelic substances (lysergic acid diethylamide, mescaline/peyote, and hallucinogenic plants), or toxic plants and mushrooms from 2013 to 2022 was performed. The primary outcome was the occurrence of psilocybin-related encounters, with and without other coingestants. Psilocybin-related encounters were presented overall and stratified by age groups, and the clinical outcomes were described.
There were 6933 PC encounters for psilocybin-containing substances between 2013 and 2022. PC encounters for psilocybin-containing substances (alone or with coingestants) increased over time-from 477 in 2013 to 1441 in 2022. Psilocybin-related encounters increased over the study period among all age groups (years) and were most common in the 18 to 24 and 25 to 44 year-old age groups. Across all years, the number of psilocybin-related encounters was similar to those for lysergic acid diethylamide and mescaline/peyote, and far lower than those for other mushrooms and toxic plants.
From 2013 to 2022, there was a 3-fold increase in psilocybin-related PC encounters, nearly all of which occurred since 2019. A similar pattern was not observed with other substances. Although the number of encounters remains low, this trend could continue as psilocybin use increases.
鉴于含裸盖菇素的物质在各种使用场景中的使用日益增加，了解其潜在风险对于为公共卫生政策、医疗保健提供者和消费者提供信息至关重要。中毒控制中心（PCs）会在接到潜在毒素暴露的电话后，为毒素相关健康紧急情况的检测、预防和治疗提供支持。本报告评估了中毒控制中心接到的关于裸盖菇素及其他部分对照物质的相关情况趋势。
对2013年至2022年中毒控制中心接到的记录有裸盖菇素、其他致幻物质（麦角酸二乙酰胺、三甲氧苯乙胺/佩奥特仙人掌碱和致幻植物）或有毒植物及蘑菇暴露情况的记录进行回顾性研究。主要结果是裸盖菇素相关接触事件的发生情况，包括有无其他共同摄入物质。按年龄组总体呈现并分层分析裸盖菇素相关接触事件，并描述临床结果。
2013年至2022年期间，中毒控制中心接到6933起与含裸盖菇素物质有关的接触事件报告。含裸盖菇素物质（单独或与共同摄入物质一起）的接触事件随时间增加，从2013年的477起增至2022年的1441起。在整个研究期间，所有年龄组（岁）的裸盖菇素相关接触事件均有所增加，在18至24岁和25至44岁年龄组中最为常见。在所有年份中，裸盖菇素相关接触事件的数量与麦角酸二乙酰胺和三甲氧苯乙胺/佩奥特仙人掌碱的接触事件数量相似，远低于其他蘑菇和有毒植物的接触事件数量。
2013年至2022年期间，与裸盖菇素相关的中毒控制中心接触事件增加了两倍，几乎所有增加都发生在2019年之后。其他物质未观察到类似模式。尽管接触事件数量仍然较低，但随着裸盖菇素使用的增加，这一趋势可能会持续。
