Akhavan Neda S, Clarke Holly E, Behl Taylor A, Singar Saiful, Mullins Amy P, Basiri Raedeh, Kidwell Joshua, Arjmandi Bahram H, Berryman Claire E, Hickner Robert C
Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States.
Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.
Curr Dev Nutr. 2025 Aug 6;9(9):107518. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107518. eCollection 2025 Sep.
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of daily consumption of white potatoes compared with white rice on cardiometabolic health in individuals with type-2 diabetes (T2D).
To determine the effects of white potato consumption compared to white rice (a commonly consumed refined grain) on indices of glycemic control and cardiovascular health in individuals with overweight or obesity and T2D.
In this randomized crossover study, comparative control trial, 24 adults with T2D [45-80 y, body mass index (kg/m) 25-40] consumed baked white potatoes (100 g) or calorie-matched white rice (75 g) daily for 12 wk, separated by a 2-wk washout, with assessments of glycemic control, lipids, inflammation, blood pressure, endothelial function, and body composition at baseline (only 1 baseline visit included as a covariate in statistical analyses), 6 wk, and 12 wk. A linear mixed model was used to assess treatment (potato or rice), time (6 wk or 12 wk), and the treatment-by-time interaction for all outcome variables.
There were no significant ( ≤ 0.05) treatment-by-time interactions for any outcome. There was a main effect of treatment (i.e., independent of time) with the potato regimen resulting in lower waist circumference ( < 0.0001; 4.5 ± 1.0 cm), percent fat mass ( = 0.01; 1.7 ± 0.7%), waist-to-hip ratio ( = 0.002; 0.025 ± 0.013), heart rate ( = 0.01; 3.1 ± 1.2 bpm), as well as higher percent fat-free mass ( = 0.05; 1.4 ± 0.7%) and maximum brachial artery dilation ( = 0.05; 0.074 ± 0.037 mm) when compared to the rice regimen. There were significant timepoint effects (i.e., independent of treatment) for increased homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function ( = 0.02; 34.3 ± 14.5) and decreased high sensitivity C-reactive protein ( = 0.02; 0.08 ± 0.05 g/mL) and flow-mediated dilation/shear ( = 0.03; 4.3 × 10 ± 3.79 × 10) during the study.
White potatoes did not negatively affect glycemic indices, vascular health, lipids, or blood pressure compared to white rice and modestly improved body composition and vascular measures. In both groups, over time, there were reductions in flow-mediated dilation/shear stress, β cell function, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Our preliminary results support white potatoes as a substitute for white rice in T2D.
本研究的目的是比较2型糖尿病（T2D）患者每日食用白土豆与白米对心脏代谢健康的影响。
确定与白米（一种常见的精制谷物）相比，食用白土豆对超重或肥胖的T2D患者血糖控制指标和心血管健康的影响。
在这项随机交叉比较对照试验中，24名T2D成年人（45 - 80岁，体重指数25 - 40kg/m²）每天食用烤白土豆（100克）或热量匹配的白米（75克），持续12周，中间间隔2周的洗脱期，并在基线（仅1次基线访视作为统计分析中的协变量）、6周和12周时评估血糖控制、血脂、炎症、血压、内皮功能和身体成分。使用线性混合模型评估所有结果变量的治疗（土豆或大米）、时间（6周或12周）以及治疗与时间的交互作用。
任何结果的治疗与时间交互作用均无显著差异（P≤0.05）。存在治疗的主效应（即与时间无关），与大米饮食相比，土豆饮食导致腰围降低（P<0.0001；4.5±1.0厘米）、体脂百分比降低（P = 0.01；1.7±0.7%）、腰臀比降低（P = 0.002；0.025±0.013）、心率降低（P = 0.01；3.1±1.2次/分钟），以及无脂肪体重百分比升高（P = 0.05；1.4±0.7%）和肱动脉最大扩张增加（P = 0.05；0.074±0.037毫米）。在研究期间，存在显著的时间点效应（即与治疗无关），表现为β细胞功能的稳态模型评估增加（P = 0.02；34.3±14.5）、高敏C反应蛋白降低（P = 0.02；0.08±0.05微克/毫升）以及血流介导的扩张/切应力降低（P = 0.03；4.3×10⁻³±3.79×10⁻³）。
与白米相比，白土豆对血糖指标、血管健康、血脂或血压没有负面影响，并且适度改善了身体成分和血管指标。在两组中，随着时间推移，血流介导的扩张/切应力、β细胞功能和高敏C反应蛋白均有所降低。我们的初步结果支持白土豆可作为T2D患者白米的替代品。
