Cruz-Atienza Víctor M, Tago Josué, Domínguez Luis A, Kostoglodov Vladimir, Ito Yoshihiro, Ovando-Shelley Efraín, Rodríguez-Nikl Tonatiuh, González Renata, Franco Sara, Solano-Rojas Darío, Beltrán-Gracia Joel, Miranda-García Paulina, Boudin Frédérick, Rivera Luis, Bécel Anne, Villafuerte Carlos, Real Jorge, Kazachkina Ekaterina, Ronquillo Arturo
Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Sci Adv. 2025 Sep 12;11(37):eadu8259. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adu8259. Epub 2025 Sep 10.
Based on measurements of near-trench deformations of the oceanic and overriding plates, in this investigation, we elucidate the tectonic and mechanical processes leading to the 7.0 (moment magnitude of 7.0) Acapulco, Mexico, earthquake in 2021. We exploit unprecedented ocean-bottom observations using ultralong-period "tilt mechanical amplifiers," along with hydrostatic pressure, global navigation satellite system, and satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar data. The joint inversion of these geodetic data, template-matching seismicity, and repeating earthquakes, revealed the first two shallow slow slip events (SSEs) observed in Mexico. The first one migrated from the trench to the earthquake hypocenter before rupture, and the second one occurred following an 7.3 long-term SSE induced by the earthquake. Episodic near-trench oceanic-crust deformations (i.e., tilt transients) associated with shallow and deep synchronous decoupling of the plate interface reveal the occurrence of "slab-pull surges" before three regional earthquakes of magnitude 7 or greater, including the Acapulco event, suggesting that they may serve as rupture precursors observable in subduction zones.
基于对大洋板块和上覆板块近海沟变形的测量,在本研究中,我们阐明了导致2021年墨西哥阿卡普尔科7.0级(矩震级为7.0)地震的构造和力学过程。我们利用了超长周期“倾斜机械放大器”进行的前所未有的海底观测,以及静水压力、全球导航卫星系统和卫星干涉合成孔径雷达数据。对这些大地测量数据、模板匹配地震活动性和重复地震的联合反演,揭示了在墨西哥观测到的前两次浅层慢滑事件(SSE)。第一次在破裂前从海沟迁移到地震震源,第二次在由该地震引发的7.3级长期SSE之后发生。与板块界面浅层和深层同步解耦相关的间歇性近海沟洋壳变形(即倾斜瞬变)揭示了包括阿卡普尔科事件在内的三次7级或更大区域地震之前“板片拉力激增”的发生,这表明它们可能作为俯冲带中可观测到的破裂前兆。