Shi Yilin, Zhao Dongpeng, Xiao Zhimin, Wang Ying, Feng Qincong, Gu Yan
Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot, 010030, Inner Mongolia, China.
The 923rd Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Guangxi, 530000, China.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2025 Sep 10;151(9):252. doi: 10.1007/s00432-025-06298-4.
Lung cancer is currently the most common malignant tumor worldwide and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, posing a serious threat to human health. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and are involved in various biological processes associated with lung cancer. Understanding the mechanisms of lung carcinogenesis and detecting disease biomarkers may enable early diagnosis of lung cancer.
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical biological process through which tumor cells acquire migratory and invasive capabilities, playing an important role in the progression of lung cancer. miRNAs regulate the EMT process in lung cancer cells by targeting transcription factors such as Snail, Slug, and ZEB1/2, as well as modulating signaling pathways including TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin, thereby enhancing their migratory and invasive abilities.
NSCLC has been comprehensively elucidated in terms of its pathogenesis, and the detection and therapeutic approaches targeting miRNAs for NSCLC have been systematically summarized.
This review examines the impact of miRNAs on tumor invasiveness through the regulation of key factors or signaling pathways, as well as their potential as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. It provides a theoretical foundation for studying the mechanisms of lung cancer metastasis and developing more precise detection and treatment strategies.
肺癌是目前全球最常见的恶性肿瘤，也是癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一，对人类健康构成严重威胁。微小RNA（miRNA）是一类内源性非编码小RNA分子，可调节基因表达，并参与与肺癌相关的各种生物学过程。了解肺癌发生机制并检测疾病生物标志物可能有助于肺癌的早期诊断。
上皮-间质转化（EMT）是一个关键的生物学过程，肿瘤细胞通过该过程获得迁移和侵袭能力，在肺癌进展中起重要作用。miRNA通过靶向Snail、Slug和ZEB1/2等转录因子，以及调节包括TGF-β和Wnt/β-连环蛋白在内的信号通路，来调控肺癌细胞中的EMT过程，从而增强其迁移和侵袭能力。
非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的发病机制已得到全面阐明，针对NSCLC的miRNA检测和治疗方法也已得到系统总结。
本综述探讨了miRNA通过调控关键因子或信号通路对肿瘤侵袭性的影响，以及它们作为肺癌早期诊断生物标志物的潜力。它为研究肺癌转移机制和制定更精确的检测与治疗策略提供了理论基础。
