Sun Ning, Zhao Xu, Liu Fangyuan, Song Ge, Zhang Mengmeng, Song Fuqiang
Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Shenzhen Bolin Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Shenzhen, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Aug 26;16:1640134. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1640134. eCollection 2025.
Soil microorganisms play a critical role in maintaining ecological functions; however, their responses to grassland reclamation and tillage remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the effects of these practices on soil bacterial communities in the Northeast China Black Soil Region.
We utilized high-throughput sequencing to compare soil bacterial community characteristics between undisturbed grasslands (CK) and reclaimed croplands (F). The analysis focused on assessing structural changes and shifts in ecological strategies of soil bacterial communities under both land-use types.
Our findings revealed that croplands exhibited higher soil pH and elevated concentrations of nutrients such as ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total phosphorus compared to pristine grasslands. The Average Variation Degree (AVD) indicated that bacterial communities in cropland soils had greater compositional stability. Additionally, dominant bacterial genera, particularly and , were more prevalent in croplands. Using random forest classification modeling, we identified several rare bacterial genera, including , , and , which, despite each representing less than 1% of the community, played critical roles in shaping microbial community structure. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that reclamation reduced interspecies interactions and significantly decreased network complexity, connectivity, and cohesion ( < 0.05). Neutral community assembly modeling further indicated that stochastic processes were more dominant in the assembly of bacterial communities in croplands compared to undisturbed grasslands.
This study provides a comprehensive understanding of how grassland reclamation and tillage influence soil bacterial communities in the Songnen Plain black soil region. The findings enhance our ecological understanding of land use changes and offer valuable insights for the sustainable management of black soil resources and ecosystems.
土壤微生物在维持生态功能方面发挥着关键作用；然而，它们对草地开垦和耕作的反应仍知之甚少。本研究旨在调查这些做法对中国东北黑土区土壤细菌群落的影响。
我们利用高通量测序技术比较了未受干扰的草地（CK）和开垦农田（F）之间的土壤细菌群落特征。分析重点评估了两种土地利用类型下土壤细菌群落的结构变化和生态策略转变。
我们的研究结果表明，与原始草地相比，农田的土壤pH值更高，铵态氮、硝态氮和总磷等养分浓度升高。平均变异度（AVD）表明，农田土壤中的细菌群落具有更高的组成稳定性。此外，优势细菌属，特别是[具体属1]和[具体属2]，在农田中更为普遍。通过随机森林分类建模，我们确定了几个稀有细菌属，包括[具体属3]、[具体属4]和[具体属5]，尽管它们在群落中所占比例均不到1%，但在塑造微生物群落结构方面发挥了关键作用。共现网络分析表明，开垦减少了物种间的相互作用，并显著降低了网络的复杂性、连通性和凝聚性（P<0.05）。中性群落组装模型进一步表明，与未受干扰的草地相比，随机过程在农田细菌群落的组装中更为主导。
本研究全面了解了草地开垦和耕作如何影响松嫩平原黑土区的土壤细菌群落。这些发现加深了我们对土地利用变化的生态学理解，并为黑土资源和生态系统的可持续管理提供了有价值的见解。
