Nuruzzaman Md, Bahar Md Mezbaul, Naidu Ravi
Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; crc for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (crcCARE), ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; crc for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (crcCARE), ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 Jan 25;962:178398. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178398. Epub 2025 Jan 13.
Agricultural activities are essential for sustaining the global population, yet they exert considerable pressure on the environment. A major challenge we face today is agricultural pollution, much of which is diffuse in nature, lacking a clear point of origin for chemical discharge. Modern agricultural practices, which often depend on substantial applications of fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation water, are key contributors to this form of pollution. These activities lead to downstream contamination through mechanisms such as surface runoff, leaching, soil erosion, wind dispersal, and sedimentation. The environmental and human health consequences of diffuse pollution are profound and cannot be ignored. Accurate assessment of the risks posed by agricultural pollutants is crucial for ensuring the production of safe, high-quality food while safeguarding the environment. This requires systematic monitoring and evaluation of agricultural practices, including soil testing and nutrient management. Furthermore, the development and implementation of best management practices (BMPs) are critical in reducing the levels of agricultural pollution. Such measures are essential for mitigating the negative impacts on ecosystems and public health. Therefore, the adoption of preventive strategies aimed at minimizing pollution and its associated risks is highly recommended to ensure long-term environmental sustainability and human well-being.
农业活动对于维持全球人口至关重要，但它们也给环境带来了巨大压力。我们如今面临的一项重大挑战是农业污染，其中大部分污染本质上是分散性的，缺乏明确的化学物质排放源头。现代农业实践往往依赖大量使用化肥、农药和灌溉水，这些是造成这种污染形式的主要因素。这些活动通过地表径流、淋溶、土壤侵蚀、风力扩散和沉积等机制导致下游污染。分散性污染对环境和人类健康的影响是深远的，不容忽视。准确评估农业污染物带来的风险对于确保生产安全、高质量的食品以及保护环境至关重要。这需要对农业实践进行系统监测和评估，包括土壤测试和养分管理。此外，制定和实施最佳管理实践（BMPs）对于降低农业污染水平至关重要。这些措施对于减轻对生态系统和公众健康的负面影响必不可少。因此，强烈建议采取旨在将污染及其相关风险降至最低的预防策略，以确保长期的环境可持续性和人类福祉。
