Chiang Yi-Chien, Chiang Chieh-Ying, Suchomel Timothy J
Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taiwan.
Department of Sports Training Science-Combats, National Taiwan Sport University, Taiwan.
J Sports Sci Med. 2025 Sep 1;24(3):626-633. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2025.626. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Body mass (BM) can be used to prescribe loads for some weightlifting derivatives, as an alternative to the one-repetition maximum (1RM). However, the effectiveness of this method has not been investigated in weightlifting overhead pressing derivatives. The primary aim of the study was to investigate the effect of loads determined with percentages of 1RM and BM on kinetic and kinematic characteristics in the behind-neck push jerk (BNPJ). Sixteen recreational male athletes were recruited and performed 3 repetitions of the BNPJ from 40% to 80% of their 1RM and BM, respectively. Two force plates were used to collect kinematic (peak velocity, mean velocity, phase time) and kinetic variables (peak force, mean force, peak power, mean power, and impulse) in the concentric phase. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance assessed the interaction and the main effect (approaches and intensities) on the dependent variables. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. No significant interactions existed between the approaches and intensities in all variables. The main effect approach was not significant in all the kinematic variables, but significant intensity main effects were found. Significant approach and intensity main effects were found in all kinetic variables. All kinetic variables were greater in the 1RM-based approach compared to the BM-based approach. BM can serve as a practical alternative to 1RM for load prescription in the BNPJ when targeting kinematic characteristics. However, 1RM-based loading may be more suitable for maximizing kinetic outputs.
体重（BM）可用于为一些举重衍生动作规定负荷，作为单次重复最大值（1RM）的替代方法。然而，这种方法在颈后推挺举（BNPJ）衍生动作中的有效性尚未得到研究。本研究的主要目的是调查用1RM和BM的百分比确定的负荷对颈后推挺举（BNPJ）的动力学和运动学特征的影响。招募了16名男性休闲运动员，他们分别以1RM和BM的40%至80%进行3次颈后推挺举重复动作。使用两个测力台收集向心阶段的运动学变量（峰值速度、平均速度、阶段时间）和动力学变量（峰值力、平均力、峰值功率、平均功率和冲量）。采用双向重复测量方差分析评估自变量上的交互作用和主效应（方法和强度）。显著性水平设定为p≤0.05。在所有变量中，方法和强度之间不存在显著的交互作用。主效应方法在所有运动学变量中不显著，但发现了显著的强度主效应。在所有动力学变量中发现了显著的方法和强度主效应。与基于BM的方法相比，基于1RM的方法中的所有动力学变量都更大。当以运动学特征为目标时，在颈后推挺举（BNPJ）中，体重（BM）可作为1RM进行负荷规定的一种实用替代方法。然而，基于1RM的负荷可能更适合使动力学输出最大化。
