Sadeghi-Aliabadi Hojjat, Mirian Mina, Banizaman Arefeh, Rezazadeh Mahbobeh, Rahimi Fahimeh, Sepahi Soheila, Sadeghi-Aliabadi Mahsa
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran.
Res Pharm Sci. 2025 Aug 25;20(4):485-497. doi: 10.4103/RPS.RPS_159_23. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) can be applied in various biomedical fields, such as antibacterial and anti-cancer agents. Synthesizing metallic NPs by green chemistry procedures makes them eco-friendly and easier to prepare. This study aimed to develop 3 different gold (Au) NPs, using plant extracts including (AA) aerial parts, (MN) fruits, and (PH) seeds.
Green AuNPs were synthesized by mixing plant extracts and HAuCl3HO and heating the mixture at 60 °C. Cytotoxic activity of synthesized AuNPs was evaluated using the MTT assay, followed by flow cytometry to assess its mechanism. Synthesis of plant AuNPs was confirmed by relevant color change, DLS, Zeta potential, and were characterized by a relevant surface plasmon resonance peak for AuNPs between 500 to 600 nm.
FINDINGS/RESULTS: AA-AuNPs, MN-AuNPs, and PH-AuNPs were cytotoxic against cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Results also revealed that PH-AuNPs were the most potent NPs (IC values of 7.7, 16.7, 30, and 40 μg/mL against HeLa, HT-29, OVCAR3 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively). HeLa cells were the most sensitive cell line toward all tested NPs, significantly. Flow cytometry results confirmed that the cytotoxic effects of AuNPs were mediated through apoptosis induction.
Using plants to formulate metallic NPs is inexpensive, easily accessible, and renewable. Additionally, due to their considerable cytotoxicity, their applications as a cancer treatment option is a promising approach that warrants further investigation. Thus, the rapidly synthesized AuNPs can play a role in nanotechnology and biomedical applications.
金属纳米颗粒（NPs）可应用于各种生物医学领域，如抗菌剂和抗癌剂。通过绿色化学方法合成金属纳米颗粒使其具有生态友好性且易于制备。本研究旨在利用包括（AA）地上部分、（MN）果实和（PH）种子的植物提取物开发3种不同的金（Au）纳米颗粒。
通过将植物提取物与HAuCl3HO混合并在60°C加热来合成绿色金纳米颗粒。使用MTT法评估合成的金纳米颗粒的细胞毒性活性，随后通过流式细胞术评估其作用机制。通过相关颜色变化、动态光散射（DLS）、zeta电位确认植物金纳米颗粒的合成，并通过金纳米颗粒在500至600nm之间的相关表面等离子体共振峰对其进行表征。
AA - 金纳米颗粒、MN - 金纳米颗粒和PH - 金纳米颗粒对癌细胞系具有剂量依赖性的细胞毒性。结果还表明，PH - 金纳米颗粒是最有效的纳米颗粒（对HeLa、HT - 29、OVCAR3和MCF - 7细胞系的IC值分别为7.7、16.7、30和40μg/mL）。HeLa细胞对所有测试的纳米颗粒最为敏感，这一点很显著。流式细胞术结果证实，金纳米颗粒的细胞毒性作用是通过诱导凋亡介导的。
利用植物来制备金属纳米颗粒成本低廉、易于获取且可再生。此外，由于其显著的细胞毒性，将其作为癌症治疗选择的应用是一种有前景的方法，值得进一步研究。因此，快速合成的金纳米颗粒可在纳米技术和生物医学应用中发挥作用。
