Murata Fernando Henrique Antunes, Barboza Jéssica Priscilla, Tasso Fernanda Follis, Pinho Tainara Souza, Henrique Tiago, Alves Janine Fusco, de Souza Carlos Alexandre Guimarães, Abrahão Daniel, de Lavor Ubirajara Leoncy, Su Chunlei, de Mattos Luiz Carlos, Brandão Cinara Cássia
Department of Dermatological, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases - Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP). São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
Zoonosis Control Center - São José do Rio Preto Municipal Health Secretariat. São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol. 2025 Aug;54:100740. doi: 10.1016/j.sste.2025.100740. Epub 2025 Aug 5.
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, that can infect any warm-blooded animal, including mammals and birds. Felids are the definitive hosts, with infected cats capable of shedding millions of resistant oocysts into the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and geospatial distribution of T. gondii infection in pet and stray cats attended at the Zoonosis Control Center in São José do Rio Preto, northwest São Paulo, Brazil. Anti-T. gondii antibodies were detected in 36 (25.2 %) of 143 pet cats and 85 (27.8 %) of 306 stray cats, with an overall prevalence of 26.9 %. Male pet cats exhibited a significantly higher risk of infection compared to females (19.5 % vs 34.5 %; p = 0.045). Regional analysis revealed significant difference in seroprevalence between four regions (HB vs Bosque for pet cats, p = 0.035, and Cidade da Criança vs Central for stray cats, p = 0.040). Spatial cluster analysis identified 27 significant hotspots and 70 coldspots (p ≤ 0.05) throughout the municipality. This study represents the first investigation of the seroprevalence and geospatial distribution of T. gondii infection in domestic and stray cats within this region, providing valuable information on the epidemiology of T. gondii. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the transmission dynamics of T. gondii, supporting the development of effective prevention strategies and reinforcing the importance of a One Health approach.
弓形虫病是一种人畜共患病，由顶复门寄生虫刚地弓形虫引起，可感染任何温血动物，包括哺乳动物和鸟类。猫科动物是终末宿主，受感染的猫能够向环境中排出数百万个具有抵抗力的卵囊。本研究旨在评估巴西圣保罗州西北部里奥普雷图河畔圣若泽市人畜共患病控制中心收治的宠物猫和流浪猫中刚地弓形虫感染的血清流行率和地理空间分布。在143只宠物猫中有36只（25.2%）检测到抗刚地弓形虫抗体，在306只流浪猫中有85只（27.8%）检测到，总体流行率为26.9%。雄性宠物猫感染风险显著高于雌性（19.5%对34.5%；p = 0.045）。区域分析显示四个区域之间血清流行率存在显著差异（宠物猫中HB区与博斯克区，p = 0.035；流浪猫中儿童城与中心区，p = 0.040）。空间聚类分析确定了整个城市有27个显著热点和70个冷点（p≤0.05）。本研究是该地区家养和流浪猫中刚地弓形虫感染血清流行率和地理空间分布的首次调查，为刚地弓形虫流行病学提供了有价值的信息。这些发现有助于更好地理解刚地弓形虫的传播动态，支持有效预防策略的制定，并强化“同一健康”方法的重要性。
