喀麦隆西部贾恩格接受产前检查的孕妇疟疾流行病学

Epidemiology of malaria in pregnant women attending antenatal consultation in Dschang, West Cameroon.

作者信息

Ebai Calvin B, Ngoufo Flore N, Teh Rene N, Kodjo Jerline T S, Muyang Eminline J, Kimbi Helen K

机构信息

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon.

Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.

出版信息

J Public Health Afr. 2025 Aug 20;16(1):1437. doi: 10.4102/jphia.v16i1.1437. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.4102/jphia.v16i1.1437

PMID:40937110

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12421459/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Despite measures, malaria in pregnancy is still reported. It results in maternal illness, anaemia, low birth weight, preterm delivery and both maternal and foetal death.

AIM

To determine the prevalence and density of malaria parasitaemia and identify the associated factors among pregnant women.

SETTING

This was a hospital-based study in two health facilities in Dschang, Western Cameroon.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted. A questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographics clinical manifestations, environmental factors and prevention measures used. Parasitological tests were carried out using thick and thin blood smears. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22.0.

RESULTS

Out of the 314 participants, 46 (14.6%) were positive for malaria parasitaemia, and the only species identified was . A multinomial regression model showed that the presence of bushes around houses (odds ratio [OR] = 2.40, = 0.03) exposes individuals to malaria parasite infection, while the presence of a ceiling (OR = 0.20, < 0.01), taking intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women (IPTp) (OR = 0.23, < 0.01) and having window screens (OR = 0.14, = 0.01) were protective. Geometric mean parasite density (GMPD) was highest among pregnant women in the second trimester (2190/L, = 61.3, = 0.016), those with more than three gravidities (1022/L, = 66.28, = 0.009), those who presented with sweating (1946/L, = 272, = 0.004) and, unexpectedly, those who were using long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (1536/L; = 3.32, < 0.001), compared with their corresponding counterparts.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence and density of malaria parasite varied with demographics, pregnancy characteristics, clinical manifestations, quality of housing, environmental conditions and malaria prevention methods.

CONTRIBUTION

An update on malaria among pregnant women. Continuous sensitisation on prevention methods is necessary.

摘要

背景

尽管采取了措施，但孕期疟疾仍有报告。它会导致孕产妇患病、贫血、低出生体重、早产以及孕产妇和胎儿死亡。

目的

确定孕妇疟疾寄生虫血症的患病率和密度，并识别相关因素。

地点

这是一项在喀麦隆西部贾格的两个卫生机构开展的基于医院的研究。

方法

进行了一项横断面研究。使用问卷收集关于社会人口统计学、临床表现、环境因素和所采取预防措施的数据。采用厚薄血涂片进行寄生虫学检测。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）22.0版对数据进行分析。

结果

在314名参与者中，46人（14.6%）疟疾寄生虫血症呈阳性，唯一鉴定出的疟原虫种类为。多项回归模型显示，房屋周围有灌木丛（比值比[OR]=2.40， =0.03）会使个体暴露于疟原虫感染，而有天花板（OR=0.20， <0.01）、孕妇接受间歇预防性治疗（IPTp）（OR=0.23， <0.01）和有纱窗（OR=0.14， =0.01）具有保护作用。几何平均寄生虫密度（GMPD）在孕中期孕妇中最高（2190/微升， =61.3， =0.016），在怀孕三次以上的孕妇中（1022/微升， =66.28， =0.009），在出现出汗症状的孕妇中（1946/微升， =272, =0.004），以及出乎意料的是，在使用长效驱虫蚊帐的孕妇中（1536/微升； =3.32， <0.001），与相应的对照组相比更高。