Herrera Michael James B, Bangahan Fairuz B, Garcia Mark Laurence D, Eusebio Michelle S, Cuales John Meldwin D, Muallil Richard N, Ishmael Altan I, Rubio Raquel O, Urriza Rolly C, Salvador Jazelyn M, Rodriguez Jae Joseph Russell B, De Ungria Maria Corazon A
School of Archaeology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines.
DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines.
R Soc Open Sci. 2025 Sep 10;12(9):250633. doi: 10.1098/rsos.250633. eCollection 2025 Sep.
The Sulu archipelago in the Philippines witnessed significant human migration from prehistoric to subrecent periods, resulting in a tapestry of cultures, languages, and genes. However, many details remain unclear. Archaeological evidence shows that human populations traversing within and between regions in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) and the Pacific brought a variety of domestic animals, including dogs, pigs, chickens, and commensal Pacific rats. Recent insights into the ancient movements of these species suggest that they have different origins and arrival times. Here, we leveraged chickens as a tool to investigate human interactions in the Sulu archipelago. We sequenced a 764-base pair fragment of the mitochondrial DNA control region to examine the genetic diversity and structure of 254 village chickens from the Sulu archipelago. Combined with comparable datasets from other islands of ISEA and the Pacific, our data reveal a higher maternal genetic affinity of chickens from the Sulu Archipelago with those from adjacent Indonesian islands than with chickens from the rest of the Philippines. This observation points to long-standing regional interactions between the Sulu archipelago and Indonesia. Furthermore, core haplogroup D lineages, which characterise ancient Pacific chickens, are not found in the Sulu archipelago, but are present elsewhere in the Philippines.
菲律宾的苏禄群岛在史前到近代时期见证了显著的人类迁徙，形成了文化、语言和基因的交织。然而，许多细节仍不清楚。考古证据表明，在东南亚岛屿（ISEA）和太平洋地区内及地区之间迁徙的人类带来了各种家畜，包括狗、猪、鸡和共生的太平洋大鼠。最近对这些物种古代迁徙的见解表明，它们有不同的起源和到达时间。在这里，我们利用鸡作为工具来研究苏禄群岛的人类互动。我们对线粒体DNA控制区的一个764碱基对片段进行了测序，以检查来自苏禄群岛的254只乡村鸡的遗传多样性和结构。结合来自ISEA其他岛屿和太平洋地区的可比数据集，我们的数据显示，苏禄群岛的鸡与相邻印度尼西亚岛屿的鸡在母系遗传上的亲和力高于与菲律宾其他地区的鸡。这一观察结果表明苏禄群岛和印度尼西亚之间存在长期的区域互动。此外，代表古代太平洋鸡的核心单倍群D谱系在苏禄群岛未被发现，但在菲律宾其他地方存在。
