Sayed Samiha Hamdi, Gushgari Olfat Abdulgafoor, Alshwail Fadiyah Abdullah, Elsayed Hanan Abd Elwahab, Mekhamier Hanem Awad, Elsayed Ebtesam Abbas
Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh 11673, Saudi Arabia.
Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Aug 29;13(17):2158. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13172158.
Smoking is a major public health concern in Saudi Arabia, with significant gender differences influencing smoking behavior and cessation.
This study aimed to investigate smoking abstinence self-efficacy (ASE), decisional balance (DB), quitting desire, and their predictors among adult male and female smokers in Saudi Arabia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 375 male and 220 female adult smokers recruited via social media. Data were collected through an online survey assessing personal health, smoking behavior, desire to quit, ASE, and DB. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of earnest quitting desire, high ASE, and negative DB.
Males were more likely to smoke for 10 or more years (70.7% vs. 29.1%), maintain regular smoking patterns (86.9% vs. 54.1%), and exhibit high nicotine dependence (29.3% vs. 6.4%) compared to females. A higher proportion of females (76.8%) than males (66.9%) expressed a strong desire to quit. ASE was generally higher in males, with 49.6% showing average levels, while 46.4% of females had low ASE, particularly in social and positive mood contexts. Females displayed a higher prevalence of negative DB (73.6% vs. 58.1%), indicating greater awareness of smoking's drawbacks. Both genders acknowledged the cons of smoking, though males perceived fewer pros.
A complex interplay of factors influences smoking behavior and cessation among adult smokers. Gender differences also play a crucial role in smoking cessation factors among Saudi adults. Tailored cessation strategies addressing self-efficacy and motivation are recommended to enhance quitting success.
吸烟是沙特阿拉伯一个主要的公共卫生问题，显著的性别差异影响着吸烟行为和戒烟情况。
本研究旨在调查沙特阿拉伯成年男性和女性吸烟者的戒烟自我效能感（ASE）、决策平衡（DB）、戒烟意愿及其预测因素。
采用横断面研究，通过社交媒体招募了375名成年男性吸烟者和220名成年女性吸烟者作为便利样本。通过在线调查收集数据，评估个人健康状况、吸烟行为、戒烟意愿、ASE和DB。采用逻辑回归分析来确定真诚戒烟意愿、高ASE和消极DB的预测因素。
与女性相比，男性吸烟10年或更长时间的可能性更高（70.7%对29.1%），保持规律吸烟模式的可能性更高（86.9%对54.1%），且尼古丁依赖程度更高（29.3%对6.4%）。表达强烈戒烟意愿的女性比例（76.8%）高于男性（66.9%）。男性的ASE总体上更高，49.6%处于中等水平，而46.4%的女性ASE较低，尤其是在社交和积极情绪情境下。女性消极DB的患病率更高（73.6%对58.1%），表明对吸烟危害的认识更强。两性都认识到吸烟的弊端，不过男性认为吸烟的益处更少。
多种因素复杂地相互作用，影响成年吸烟者的吸烟行为和戒烟情况。性别差异在沙特成年人的戒烟因素中也起着关键作用。建议制定针对自我效能感和动机的个性化戒烟策略，以提高戒烟成功率。
