Pant Usha, Vyas Krooti, Papathanassoglou Elizabeth
Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy (ECHA), 11405-87th Ave., Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Sep 1;13(17):2182. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13172182.
: Addressing Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients' psychological well-being is crucial, yet psychosocial support interventions that can facilitate effective coping, ultimately decreasing stress-related physiological, mental health, and cognitive sequelae, are not currently included in clinical practice guidelines and standards. : To identify and synthesize research evidence on psychosocial support interventions in the ICU, including types of outcomes and measures of effectiveness, and to explore research gaps and barriers to implementation. : The review was directed by a protocol based on current guidance for scoping reviews. The quality of studies was assessed using the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. The review focused on articles containing evaluations of psychosocial interventions through an experimental or quasi-experimental design or pretest-posttest comparisons. Databases searched included Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, PsychInfo, and the Cochrane Library. : Ten highly heterogeneous studies were identified, encompassing diverse interventions (e.g., relaxation, psychotherapy, spirituality, and positive suggestions) and patient populations. Across the 10 studies, no intervention type was replicated, and most samples were small and quasi-experimental, limiting internal validity and preventing quantitative synthesis. Despite these limitations, the evidence reviewed supports that various psychosocial interventions, including positive suggestions (constructive, reassuring thoughts), relaxation techniques, psychotherapy (emotional, behavioral guidance), and spiritual and/or religious support can alleviate psychological sequelae, such as depression, anxiety, and Post Traumatic Stress in ICU patients. : This review highlights the positive impact of psychosocial interventions on alleviating psychological distress in ICU patients. However, a critical gap exists in understanding their effects on other clinical and physiological outcomes, necessitating comprehensive research.
关注重症监护病房（ICU）患者的心理健康至关重要，但目前临床实践指南和标准中并未纳入能够促进有效应对、最终减少与压力相关的生理、心理健康及认知后遗症的社会心理支持干预措施。
确定并综合关于ICU社会心理支持干预措施的研究证据，包括结果类型和有效性衡量标准，并探索研究差距和实施障碍。
该综述依据当前范围综述指南制定的方案进行。研究质量使用英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所的标准进行评估。该综述聚焦于通过实验或准实验设计或前后测比较对社会心理干预措施进行评估的文章。检索的数据库包括Medline、CINAHL、PubMed、PsychInfo和Cochrane图书馆。
共识别出10项高度异质性的研究，涵盖了多种干预措施（如放松、心理治疗、精神支持和积极暗示）及患者群体。在这10项研究中，没有一种干预类型被重复，且大多数样本量较小且为准实验性研究，限制了内部效度，无法进行定量综合分析。尽管存在这些局限性，但所审查的证据支持各种社会心理干预措施，包括积极暗示（建设性、安慰性想法）、放松技巧、心理治疗（情感、行为指导）以及精神和/或宗教支持，可减轻ICU患者的心理后遗症，如抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍。
本综述强调了社会心理干预措施对减轻ICU患者心理困扰的积极影响。然而，在了解其对其他临床和生理结果的影响方面存在关键差距，需要进行全面研究。
