Zhang Guoxi, Zhang Huyang, Liu Gordon G, Shi Leiyu
Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Sep 5;13(17):2225. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13172225.
: Obesity has become a global public health crisis, with China now ranking among the countries with the highest number of obese adults. Urban China faces a growing burden of obesity, but little is known about how obesity prevalence differs by occupation. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 2022 among urban adults in northern and southern China, and to examine disparities across occupational groups. : This study utilized cross-sectional data from 2022 health examinations to calculate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in different occupations in cities of southern and northern China. A logistic regression model was applied to analyze association between occupational categories and obesity, controlling for confounding factors like age, gender and region. A total of 1,427,978 participants in 2022 were included. The aggregate prevalence of overweight and obesity was 30.78% and 7.90%, respectively. After being adjusted by logistic regression, the study showed that the highest adjusted odds ratio of overweight was observed in the Real Estate Industry sector with AOR 1.17 (1.15, 1.19), while the lowest odds ratio occurred in the Mining Industry sector, which was 0.90 (0.80, 1.01). The highest adjusted odds ratio of the prevalence of obesity was associated with the Production and Supply of Electricity, Heat, Gas, and Water sector (AOR: 1.92 (1.78, 2.07)), whereas the lowest odds ratio was observed in the Scientific Research and Technical Services sector. After categorizing occupations into four broad groups, the Blue-Collar group had the highest adjusted odds ratio of the prevalence of overweight (AOR: 1.07 (1.06, 1.08)), whereas the Sales/Office group exhibited the highest odds ratio of the prevalence of obesity (AOR: 1.37 (1.35, 1.39)). The prevalence of overweight and obesity differed substantially across occupational groups especially for obesity. More detailed and occupation-specific BMI management policies should be released to reduce obesity-related health inequalities in urban China.
肥胖已成为全球公共卫生危机，中国目前是肥胖成年人数量最多的国家之一。中国城市面临着日益加重的肥胖负担，但对于肥胖患病率如何因职业而异却知之甚少。本研究旨在评估2022年中国北方和南方城市成年人中超重和肥胖的患病率，并研究不同职业群体之间的差异。 本研究利用2022年健康检查的横断面数据来计算中国南方和北方城市不同职业中超重和肥胖的患病率。应用逻辑回归模型分析职业类别与肥胖之间的关联，并控制年龄、性别和地区等混杂因素。2022年共纳入1,427,978名参与者。超重和肥胖的总体患病率分别为30.78%和7.90%。经逻辑回归调整后，研究表明，超重调整后最高比值比出现在房地产业，调整后比值比为1.17（1.15，1.19），而最低比值比出现在采矿业，为0.90（0.80，1.01）。肥胖患病率调整后最高比值比与电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业相关（调整后比值比：1.92（1.78，2.07）），而最低比值比出现在科学研究和技术服务业。将职业分为四大类后，蓝领群体超重患病率调整后比值比最高（调整后比值比：1.07（1.06，1.08）），而销售/办公室群体肥胖患病率比值比最高（调整后比值比：1.37（1.35，1.39））。超重和肥胖的患病率在不同职业群体中差异很大，尤其是肥胖方面。应出台更详细且针对特定职业的体重指数管理政策，以减少中国城市与肥胖相关的健康不平等现象。
