Tejeda Samuel, Zarazúa Graciela, Juárez-Acosta Emma A, Barrera-Díaz Carlos E, León Luis R, Avila-Pérez Pedro, Zepeda-Gómez Carmen
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Departamento de Estudios del Ambiente, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico.
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Mexico, Carretera Km 15.5, Piedras Blancas, Toluca 50200, Mexico.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Aug 26;14(17):2657. doi: 10.3390/plants14172657.
Mining waste often contains elevated concentrations of V, Cr, As, Sb, and Pb. Stibnite mining, during extraction and processing, generates waste that is deposited directly onto soil without vegetation cover, potentially leading to environmental pollution. This study assessed concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the rhizoids and stems-phyllidia of terrestrial mosses near antimony mines and used these mosses as biomonitors of soil contamination. Results obtained via energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry showed the highest concentrations of As, Sb, and Pb in mosses growing on mining rubble, reflecting elevated contaminant levels in the study area. Concentrations of As, Sb, and Pb differed significantly between mosses from mine rubble sites and those from forest and meander sites. Both rhizoids and stems/phyllidia of mosses from rubble sites showed high enrichment factors (EFs) for As, Sb, and Pb. Notably, PTEs concentrations in mosses from the forest area were lower than values reported for other regions, whereas concentrations in the mine rubble area exceeded those reported for other mining-polluted regions worldwide.
采矿废弃物通常含有高浓度的钒、铬、砷、锑和铅。辉锑矿开采在提取和加工过程中产生的废弃物直接倾倒在没有植被覆盖的土壤上，可能导致环境污染。本研究评估了锑矿附近陆生苔藓的假根和茎叶中潜在有毒元素（PTEs）的浓度，并将这些苔藓用作土壤污染的生物监测器。通过能量色散X射线荧光光谱法获得的结果表明，生长在采矿碎石上的苔藓中砷、锑和铅的浓度最高，这反映了研究区域内污染物水平的升高。来自矿渣场的苔藓与来自森林和河曲地带的苔藓相比，砷、锑和铅的浓度存在显著差异。来自矿渣场的苔藓的假根和茎叶对砷、锑和铅均表现出高富集系数（EFs）。值得注意的是，森林地区苔藓中的PTEs浓度低于其他地区报道的值，而矿渣地区的浓度超过了世界其他采矿污染地区报道的值。
