Mend Bilguun, Lee Youngjun, Kim Jang-Ho Jay, Chu Yong-Sik
Climate and Energy R&D Group, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, Jinju 52581, Republic of Korea.
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Sep 8;18(17):4202. doi: 10.3390/ma18174202.
This study investigated the potential use of fluorine-containing semiconductor industrial sludge as a mineralizer in Portland cement clinker production. Raw mixes were prepared by partially replacing raw materials with 6%, 9%, and 12% sludge and sintered between 1300 and 1500 °C. The clinker burnability, phase composition, and chemical integrity were evaluated through FreeCaO measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD) with Rietveld refinement, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses. The results showed that sludge addition reduced the sintering temperature by up to 150 °C, enabling near-complete clinker formation at 1300 °C for blends containing 9% and 12% sludge (FreeCaO ≤ 0.6 wt.% compared to 62 wt.% in the reference sample). Fluorine incorporation stabilized the re-active β-CS polymorph and shifted the alite (CS) phase distribution from stable M1 to metastable M3 and T3 phases. Additionally, the CA phase content decreased, and a unique fluorine-containing phase, AlCaOF, formed, promoting clinker formation. Lowering the sintering temperature led to energy savings of 15-22.5% and reduced CO emissions by 0.10-0.20 tons per ton of clinker, positively impacting the environment. This study demonstrates that recycling industrial sludge can enhance cement production efficiency and support environmental sustainability.
本研究调查了含氟半导体工业污泥在波特兰水泥熟料生产中作为矿化剂的潜在用途。通过用6%、9%和12%的污泥部分替代原材料来制备生料混合物，并在1300至1500°C之间进行烧结。通过游离氧化钙测量、带有Rietveld精修的X射线衍射（XRD）以及X射线荧光（XRF）分析来评估熟料的易烧性、相组成和化学完整性。结果表明，添加污泥可使烧结温度降低多达150°C，对于含有9%和12%污泥的混合物，在1300°C时能够实现近乎完全的熟料形成（游离氧化钙≤0.6重量%，而参考样品中为62重量%）。氟的掺入稳定了活性β-CS多晶型物，并使阿利特（CS）相分布从稳定的M1相转变为亚稳的M3相和T3相。此外，CA相含量降低，并且形成了一种独特的含氟相AlCaOF，促进了熟料的形成。降低烧结温度可节省15 - 22.5%的能源，并使每吨熟料的CO排放量减少0.10 - 0.20吨，对环境产生积极影响。本研究表明，回收工业污泥可提高水泥生产效率并支持环境可持续性。
