Rapani Antonio, Vercellotti Tomaso, Stacchi Claudio, Gregorig Gianluca, Oreglia Francesco, Morella Emanuele, Lombardi Teresa
Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy.
Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genova, 16100 Genova, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2025 Sep 6;14(17):6299. doi: 10.3390/jcm14176299.
Wedge-shaped implants have been proposed as a minimally invasive solution for narrow alveolar ridges, aiming to avoid bone augmentation. While the short-term results are promising, long-term clinical evidence remains limited. This multicenter prospective single-arm cohort study reports the 7-year outcomes of tissue-level wedge-shaped implants (1.8 mm thickness) placed without grafting in horizontally atrophic ridges (mean thickness 3.73 ± 0.36 mm). Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed on 45 implants (34 patients). At the 7-year post-loading follow-up, the implant survival rate was 95.5%, with two failures recorded-one early loss and one due to peri-implantitis. Peri-implant mucositis was observed in 5 implants (11.4%), while peri-implantitis was diagnosed in 3 implants (6.8%). No mechanical complications were reported. The mean marginal bone loss (MBL) was 1.45 ± 1.41 mm, measured relative to the implant shoulder. Multivariate linear regression identified older age (β = +0.040; = 0.012) and mandibular implant placement (β = +1.39; = 0.007) as significant predictors of greater bone loss. Wedge-shaped implants demonstrated high long-term survival and stable marginal bone levels in narrow ridges without the need for bone augmentation. Age and mandibular location negatively influenced long-term bone stability, while smoking, gender, and history of periodontitis were not significant predictors.
楔形种植体已被提议作为一种针对狭窄牙槽嵴的微创解决方案，旨在避免骨增量手术。虽然短期结果令人鼓舞，但长期临床证据仍然有限。这项多中心前瞻性单臂队列研究报告了在水平萎缩性牙槽嵴（平均厚度3.73±0.36毫米）中未进行植骨植入的组织水平楔形种植体（厚度1.8毫米）的7年随访结果。对45颗种植体（34例患者）进行了临床和影像学评估。在加载后7年的随访中，种植体存活率为95.5%，记录到两例失败——一例早期脱落和一例因种植体周围炎。5颗种植体（11.4%）观察到种植体周围黏膜炎，3颗种植体（6.8%）诊断为种植体周围炎。未报告机械并发症。相对于种植体肩部测量，平均边缘骨吸收（MBL）为1.45±1.41毫米。多变量线性回归确定年龄较大（β=+0.040；P=0.012）和下颌种植体植入（β=+1.39；P=0.007）是骨吸收增加的显著预测因素。楔形种植体在狭窄牙槽嵴中显示出高长期存活率和稳定的边缘骨水平，无需进行骨增量手术。年龄和下颌位置对长期骨稳定性有负面影响，而吸烟、性别和牙周炎病史不是显著的预测因素。
