Pavlou Vasiliki, Lin Shuhao, Cienfuegos Sofia, Ezpeleta Mark, Runchey Mary-Claire, Corapi Sarah, Varady Krista A
Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Nutrients. 2025 Aug 26;17(17):2757. doi: 10.3390/nu17172757.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This secondary analysis aimed to compare the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) versus calorie restriction (CR) and controls on mood and quality of life in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Adults with T2D ( = 69) were randomly assigned to one of three interventions for 6 months: 8 h TRE (eating only between 12 and 8 pm daily); CR (25% energy restriction daily); or a no-intervention control group. At baseline and 6 months, mood was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaires, while quality of life was assessed using the Rand 36-Item Short Form (SF-36).
Body weight significantly decreased in the TRE group (-3.38%; 95% CI, -6.04 to -0.71%, = 0.008), but not in the CR group (-1.80%, 95% CI, -4.50 to 0.91%, = 0.32) versus controls by month 6. Fat mass, lean mass, and visceral fat mass remained unchanged in TRE and CR groups, versus controls, from baseline to month 6. No changes were observed in depression scores (BDI-II), total mood disturbance, or any POMS subscales (tension, depression, anger, fatigue, confusion, or vigor) in either the TRE or CR groups compared to controls. Similarly, there were no significant changes in the quality-of-life SF-36 constructs of vitality, bodily pain, mental health, and general physical health in the TRE or CR group versus controls. By month 6, there were no associations between changes in body weight, quality of life, and mood outcomes in any group.
In conclusion, our findings suggest that TRE and CR do not have any effect on mood or quality of life in adults with T2D, relative to controls. However, the participants' baseline mood and quality of life were generally within healthy ranges, and only minimal weight loss was achieved (3.5%, TRE only), which may explain the lack of observed effects.
背景/目的：本二次分析旨在比较限时进食（TRE）与热量限制（CR）及对照组对2型糖尿病（T2D）成年患者情绪和生活质量的影响。
69例T2D成年患者被随机分配至三种干预措施之一，为期6个月：8小时限时进食（仅在每天中午12点至晚上8点之间进食）；热量限制（每天能量摄入减少25%）；或无干预对照组。在基线和6个月时，使用贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II）和情绪状态剖面图（POMS）问卷评估情绪，同时使用兰德36项简表（SF-36）评估生活质量。
到第6个月时，与对照组相比，TRE组体重显著下降（-3.38%；95%CI，-6.04至-0.71%，P=0.008），而CR组体重未显著下降（-1.80%，95%CI，-4.50至0.91%，P=0.32）。从基线到第6个月，与对照组相比，TRE组和CR组的脂肪量、瘦体重和内脏脂肪量均无变化。与对照组相比，TRE组或CR组的抑郁评分（BDI-II）、总情绪紊乱或任何POMS子量表（紧张、抑郁、愤怒、疲劳、困惑或活力）均无变化。同样，与对照组相比，TRE组或CR组在生活质量SF-36量表的活力、身体疼痛、心理健康和总体身体健康方面均无显著变化。到第6个月时，任何组的体重变化、生活质量和情绪结果之间均无关联。
总之，我们的研究结果表明，相对于对照组，TRE和CR对T2D成年患者的情绪或生活质量没有任何影响。然而，参与者的基线情绪和生活质量总体处于健康范围内，且仅实现了最小程度的体重减轻（仅TRE组为3.5%），这可能解释了未观察到效果的原因。
