Silva Ricardo, Costa Nélson, Sampaio Adriana, Coutinho Joana
Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology Research Centre (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Gualtar Campus, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
ALGORITMI Research Centre, School of Engineering, University of Minho, Azurém Campus, Guimarães, Portugal.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2025 Sep 13. doi: 10.1007/s10484-025-09737-7.
The ability to seamlessly integrate sensory information from the environment (exteroception) and physiological states (interoception) is a key aspect of our awareness and well-being. Alterations in these processes often result in uncertainty about bodily states and dysregulation of physiological and emotional processes, as observed in clinical conditions. In this study, we employed an interactive music system as a novel method to improve interoceptive, cardiac, and emotional functioning, combining cardiac biofeedback, mindfulness, and music listening approaches. A sample of 24 healthy participants was divided into three groups, each performing a single-session attention task: heartbeat mindful attention (interoceptive), non-interactive music listening (exteroceptive), and interactive music listening (intero-exteroceptive). Significant differences in interoceptive accuracy after the session were found only in the interactive music listening task. Additionally, all groups exhibited decreased heart rate (HR), enhanced heart rate variability (HRV), and reduced negative affect after the session. Moderation analysis also revealed the role of self-reported interoception, cardiac dynamics, and anxiety and depression symptomatology on the observed effects. Together, our results demonstrated the effectiveness of interactive music systems, suggesting that this approach may facilitate intero-exteroceptive synchronization and one's certainty about bodily states, while also promoting mindful attention and calm emotional and physiological states.
无缝整合来自环境的感官信息（外部感知）和生理状态（内部感知）的能力是我们意识和幸福感的一个关键方面。正如在临床病症中所观察到的，这些过程的改变常常导致身体状态的不确定性以及生理和情绪过程的失调。在本研究中，我们采用一种交互式音乐系统作为一种新颖的方法来改善内部感知、心脏功能和情绪功能，将心脏生物反馈、正念和音乐聆听方法相结合。24名健康参与者的样本被分为三组，每组执行一项单节注意力任务：心跳正念注意力（内部感知）、非交互式音乐聆听（外部感知）和交互式音乐聆听（内部 - 外部感知）。仅在交互式音乐聆听任务中发现节段后内部感知准确性存在显著差异。此外，所有组在节段后均表现出心率（HR）降低、心率变异性（HRV）增强以及负面影响减少。调节分析还揭示了自我报告的内部感知、心脏动力学以及焦虑和抑郁症状学对观察到的效果的作用。总之我们的结果证明了交互式音乐系统的有效性，表明这种方法可能有助于内部 - 外部感知同步以及个体对身体状态的确定性，同时还能促进正念注意力以及平静的情绪和生理状态。
