Expression and Clinical Significance of Class Ⅰ Histone Deacetylases in the Serum of Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis.

Objective To investigate the expression levels of class Ⅰ histone deacetylases(HDAC)in the serum of patients with newly diagnosed psoriatic arthritis(PsA)and screen out serological indicators that are of significance for early diagnosis and assessment of disease activity.Methods A total of 49 PsA patients newly diagnosed in Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital from August 2022 to February 2024 and 30 healthy individuals(control group)were enrolled in this study.Demographic data were collected,and disease severity was assessed.Serum samples were collected,and the expression levels of class Ⅰ HDAC(HDAC1,HDAC2,HDAC3,and HDAC8)in the serum of each group were determined by ELISA.The correlations between the expression levels of class Ⅰ HDAC and clinical assessment indicators in each group were evaluated.Multivariate Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the risk factors affecting the disease activity of PsA patients.The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the risk factors affecting the disease activity of PsA patients.Results Compared with the control group,PsA patients showed up-regulated expression levels of HDAC1(=0.003),HDAC2(=0.010),HDAC3(=0.003),and HDAC8(=0.018)in the serum.The serum HDAC1 level of PsA patients was positively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate(=0.344,=0.028).The serum HDAC2 level was positively correlated with the overall assessment of disease activity(=0.468,=0.001),the disease activity index of arthritis(=0.401,=0.007),the number of swollen joints(=0.308,=0.042),hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS)score of anxiety(=0.360,=0.018),and HADS score of depression(=0.302,=0.047).The serum HDAC3 level was correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate(=0.542,<0.001),C-reactive protein(CRP)level(=0.440,<0.001),HADS score of anxiety(=0.420,=0.005),interleukin-6 level(=0.397,=0.004),the overall assessment of disease activity(=0.318,=0.036),and the course of psoriatic arthritis(=0.330,=0.028).The serum HDAC8 level was positively correlated with HADS score of anxiety(=0.477,=0.008)and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(=0.385,=0.039).Compared with the patients with low disease activity,those with moderate to high disease activity presented up-regulated expression of HDAC3(=0.041).HDAC2(=0.028)and CRP(=0.034)were risk factors for moderate to high disease activity in PsA patients.HDAC2(area under the curve=0.802,=0.003)and CRP(area under the curve=0.718,=0.033)had diagnostic value for the progression of PsA.Conclusions The expression levels of class Ⅰ HDAC in the serum of patients with newly diagnosed PsA were significantly different.The serum levels of HDAC2 and CRP are expected to become serological indicators for the early diagnosis and disease activity assessment of PsA.