Rasooly Alon, Beran David, Ye Peng-Peng, Joshi Surabhi, Yin Xue-Jun, Tandon Nikhil, Shao Rui-Tai
Department of Health Policy and Systems Management, School of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University, Beersheba 8410501, Israel.
Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland.
World J Diabetes. 2025 Aug 15;16(8):107733. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.107733.
Diabetes affects an estimated 828 million people globally, with approximately 44% living in China and India. Rural residents with diabetes in these countries face significant challenges in access to care. Although digital health interventions are increasingly used to reach underserved populations, considerable knowledge gaps exist. This mini-review presents the first comparative analysis of digital health implementations for diabetes care in rural China and India, comprising clinical decision support tools, telemedicine, and mobile health applications. The review examines how their distinct health system structures influence technology adoption and clinical outcomes. China's hierarchical administrative structure facilitates standardized nationwide platforms with consistent protocols, while India's federal system enables diverse localized innovations that accommodate regional diversity. Cluster-randomized trials for digital health tools in rural China show significant improvements in glycemic control. In India, interventions examined in this review were associated with improved health behaviors and medication adherence. Both countries demonstrate that digital interventions leveraging existing social structures and co-created with stakeholders yield better outcomes than standard care approaches. This analysis provides actionable insights for policymakers globally while identifying valuable opportunities for knowledge exchange between these two nations that together are home to nearly half of all people living with diabetes worldwide.
全球估计有8.28亿人患有糖尿病，其中约44%生活在中国和印度。这些国家的农村糖尿病患者在获得医疗服务方面面临重大挑战。尽管数字健康干预措施越来越多地用于服务不足的人群，但仍存在相当大的知识差距。本综述首次对中国农村和印度农村糖尿病护理的数字健康实施情况进行了比较分析，包括临床决策支持工具、远程医疗和移动健康应用。该综述研究了它们独特的卫生系统结构如何影响技术采用和临床结果。中国的分级行政结构有助于建立具有一致协议的标准化全国平台，而印度的联邦系统则允许进行适应地区差异的多样化本地化创新。中国农村数字健康工具的整群随机试验显示血糖控制有显著改善。在印度，本综述中研究的干预措施与改善健康行为和药物依从性有关。两国都表明，利用现有社会结构并与利益相关者共同创建的数字干预措施比标准护理方法产生更好的效果。这一分析为全球政策制定者提供了可操作的见解，同时也为这两个国家之间的知识交流确定了宝贵机会，这两个国家的糖尿病患者总数占全球糖尿病患者总数的近一半。
