Liu Dan, Tong Xiuqing, Cao Zhi, Shi Shujun, Ma Lin
Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot 010050, Inner Mongolia, China.
Am J Transl Res. 2025 Aug 15;17(8):6663-6675. doi: 10.62347/GYGM9029. eCollection 2025.
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a primary cause of cognitive impairment (CI) in the elderly. This study aims to explore the relationship between the phase lag index (PLI), derived from electroencephalography (EEG), and cognitive dysfunction in patients with CSVD.
This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with CSVD from May 2020 to December 2023. EEG data were recorded using 64 electrodes and analyzed for PLI across four frequency bands. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Blood pressure variability was monitored using a 24-hour portable device.
The study included 264 patients, categorized into two groups: CI group (n = 102) and no CI group (n = 162). The CI group exhibited significantly lower global alpha-band PLI (0.28 vs. 0.31, P = 0.006) and reduced alpha-PLI across multiple electrode pairs (0.27 vs. 0.30, P = 0.004). Cognitive scores were also lower in the CI group (MMSE: 26.25 vs. 27.76, P = 0.004; MoCA: 25.38 vs. 26.63, P = 0.007). Additionally, the CI group had higher 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure (SBP, 140.68 vs. 136.36 mmHg, P = 0.038) and lower daytime SBP coefficient of variation (9.46% vs. 10.63%, P = 0.002). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that F8-P8 PLI had an area under the curve of 0.608, indicating moderate discriminatory ability for identifying cognitive dysfunction.
Decreased phase synchronization in the EEG alpha-band correlated with cognitive dysfunction in CSVD patients, indicating that impaired neural connectivity may serve as a potential electrophysiological biomarker.
脑小血管病（CSVD）是老年人认知障碍（CI）的主要原因。本研究旨在探讨源自脑电图（EEG）的相位滞后指数（PLI）与CSVD患者认知功能障碍之间的关系。
这项回顾性研究纳入了2020年5月至2023年12月期间被诊断为CSVD的患者。使用64个电极记录EEG数据，并分析四个频段的PLI。使用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）和蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）评估认知功能。使用24小时便携式设备监测血压变异性。
该研究纳入了264名患者，分为两组：CI组（n = 102）和非CI组（n = 162）。CI组的全局α频段PLI显著降低（0.28对0.31，P = 0.006），多个电极对的α-PLI降低（0.27对0.30，P = 0.004）。CI组的认知评分也较低（MMSE：26.25对27.76，P = 0.004；MoCA：25.38对26.63，P = 0.007）。此外，CI组的24小时平均收缩压较高（SBP，140.68对136.36 mmHg，P = 0.038），日间SBP变异系数较低（9.46%对10.63%，P = 0.002）。受试者工作特征分析显示，F8 - P8 PLI的曲线下面积为0.608，表明其对识别认知功能障碍具有中等鉴别能力。
EEGα频段相位同步性降低与CSVD患者的认知功能障碍相关，表明神经连接受损可能是一种潜在的电生理生物标志物。
