Lankester Lucie-Anna, Alexopoulos Theodore
Université Paris Cité, France.
Université de Bordeaux, France.
Int Rev Soc Psychol. 2023 Nov 20;36:16. doi: 10.5334/irsp.824. eCollection 2023.
Black Lives Matter (BLM) has gained momentum in its fight against racism cross-nationally. Yet, there are conflicting opinions on BLM. To account for this, previous research relied on cross-national predictors (e.g., Social Dominance Orientation; SDO). However, BLM support needs to be examined via the prism of national contexts and their peculiarities. Here, we claim that nationally-grounded determinants (next to cross-national ones) shape BLM (dis-)approval. Based on national identity construal, we argue that the way individuals identify with it predicts BLM support. Further, we expect this relationship to be mediated by personal endorsement of national beliefs about diversity. This claim was tested in a French ecological context, where: 1) national identity is based on a straitened view of diversity and 2) diversity issues are regulated via two antagonistic cultural norms: one is egalitarian (i.e., Historic Laïcité) and the other is assimilationist (i.e., New Laïcité). In two pre-registered and well-powered studies (Study 1, = 305; Study 2, = 489), we anticipated and found that National Identification negatively predicts BLM support. Crucially, cultural norm endorsements dually-mediated this relationship, suggesting their instrumental function in BLM support. We considered, via path analysis, an additional pathway involving SDO. We found that nationally-grounded and cross-national paths operate jointly to shape BLM support. We replicated these results one year later, providing support for our model. These findings are of relevance beyond the French context as they contribute to an emerging literature examining how intra- and inter-national forces shape, in tandem, diversity responses.
“黑人的命也是命”（BLM）运动在全球范围内反对种族主义的斗争中势头渐盛。然而，对于BLM存在相互矛盾的观点。为了解释这一点，以往的研究依赖跨国预测因素（如社会支配取向；SDO）。然而，需要通过国家背景及其特殊性的视角来审视对BLM的支持情况。在此，我们认为基于国家层面的决定因素（除跨国因素外）塑造了对BLM的（不）认可。基于国家认同建构，我们认为个体与国家认同的方式能够预测对BLM的支持。此外，我们预计这种关系会通过个人对国家关于多样性信念的认同来介导。这一观点在法国的生态背景下进行了检验，在法国：1）国家认同基于对多样性的狭隘观点，2）多样性问题通过两种相互对立的文化规范进行规范：一种是平等主义的（即历史上的世俗主义），另一种是同化主义的（即新世俗主义）。在两项预先注册且样本量充足的研究中（研究1，N = 305；研究2，N = 489），我们预期并发现国家认同对BLM支持有负向预测作用。至关重要的是，文化规范认同双重介导了这种关系，表明它们在BLM支持中具有工具性作用。我们通过路径分析考虑了另一条涉及SDO的途径。我们发现基于国家层面和跨国层面的途径共同作用来塑造对BLM的支持。一年后我们重复了这些结果，为我们的模型提供了支持。这些发现的意义超越了法国背景，因为它们有助于新兴文献研究国内和国际力量如何共同塑造对多样性的反应。
