Evaluation of the Effect of Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) on the Reduction of Seroma and Tissue Adhesion in Rats Undergoing Flap Surgery.

BACKGROUND

Seroma formation is a common complication, particularly in surgical procedures involving extensive tissue dissection and creation of potential spaces. The pathophysiology of seroma has traditionally been attributed to three main factors: lymphatic leakage, increased inflammatory exudate, and the formation of dead space. This study aims to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on seroma formation using an experimental rat model.

METHODS

A total of 23 Wistar albino rats were used and randomly divided into three groups of seven. The remaining two rats were used as the donor group for PRF harvesting. 21 of them underwent unilateral removal of cutaneous maximus and latissimus dorsi muscles, axillary dissection, and dermal lymphatic injury. The intervention groups received 1 cc of either saline, fibrin glue, or PRF intraoperatively. Seroma formation was assessed via aspiration on postoperative day 7. On day 21, biomechanical adhesion testing and histopathological evaluations were performed.

RESULTS

Median seroma volumes were 6.6 ml in the control group, 1 ml in the fibrin glue group, and 0.4 ml in the PRF group (p = 0.01). Neovascularization was significantly greater in the fibrin glue group (p = 0.04), whereas collagen deposition was highest in the PRF group (p = 0.01). Biomechanical adhesion testing revealed no statistically significant differences between groups (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

PRF effectively reduces seroma formation and promotes tissue adhesion. As an easy-to-apply, cost-effective, and autologous option, PRF may be used as an alternative to fibrin glue for the same purpose.

NO LEVEL ASSIGNED

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