Shisana O, Celentano D D
Soc Sci Med. 1985;21(11):1251-7. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(85)90274-6.
Symptoms of depression have been considered rare in sub-Saharan populations. Using a standard assessment measure of depressive symptomatology, the Beck Depression Inventory, the prevalence of symptoms of depression was obtained from a group (N = 56) of Namibian refugees residing in a sub-Saharan host country. Contrary to expectations, the rates of self-reported symptoms were quite frequent, with many symptoms reported as moderate or severe by a large proportion of these youths. Using a stress model to explore these data, it was demonstrated that social support ameliorated the effects of chronic stress, as represented by the length of time in exile. It is argued that adaptation, acculturation, and adolescent developmental demands result in self-reports of depressive symptoms. These demands, however, are lessened in intensity by a strong social support system that is especially helpful early in the exile period.
抑郁症症状在撒哈拉以南地区的人群中一直被认为较为罕见。通过使用抑郁症状的标准评估工具——贝克抑郁量表，从居住在撒哈拉以南某收容国的一组纳米比亚难民（N = 56）中获取了抑郁症症状的患病率。与预期相反，自我报告的症状发生率相当高，这些年轻人中有很大一部分报告许多症状为中度或重度。使用压力模型对这些数据进行探究，结果表明社会支持缓解了长期压力的影响，长期压力以流亡时间长短来表示。有人认为，适应、文化适应和青少年发展需求导致了抑郁症状的自我报告。然而，强大的社会支持系统会减轻这些需求的强度，这在流亡初期尤为有帮助。
