Zhang Su, Zhang Yun, Hu Weitao, Huang Chunyan, Zhang Yifang, Chen Xiaoqing
The Second Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.
Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 Sep 1;16:1610882. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1610882. eCollection 2025.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a frequent and serious microvascular complication of diabetes. PANoptosis is a novel mode of cell death that encompasses apoptosis, necrosis and pyroptosis. However, effective PANoptosis-related biomarkers for DN are currently lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the role of PANoptosis-related genes (PRGs) in the development of DN and their potential as diagnostic markers of DN, as well as their association with immune cell infiltration.
We retrieved the DN-related dataset GSE30122 from the GEO database. Then differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and DEGs were analyzed for functional enrichment. In addition, we obtained key gene modules by WGCNA. Subsequently, we gained the intersecting genes of DEGs, key gene modules and PRGs. Four algorithms were further used to screen the key DE-PRGs in DN (DNDE-PRGs). We also investigated the biological functions of the key DNDE-PRGs by GSEA software. Furthermore, we analyzed the immune infiltration of DN tissues. The correlation of key genes with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was also examined. Finally, key genes were validated using clinical samples and db/db mice.
We identified two key DNDE-PRGs ( and ). They showed good diagnostic value in the DN. And they were associated with immune cell infiltration. In addition, they have a correlation with GFR and BUN. Finally, they were validated in clinical samples and animal experiments.
and may be good PANoptosis-related biomarkers in DN. This provides new insights into the pathogenesis of DN.
糖尿病肾病（DN）是糖尿病常见且严重的微血管并发症。泛凋亡是一种新的细胞死亡模式，包含凋亡、坏死和焦亡。然而，目前缺乏有效的DN相关泛凋亡生物标志物。因此，本研究旨在阐明泛凋亡相关基因（PRGs）在DN发生发展中的作用及其作为DN诊断标志物的潜力，以及它们与免疫细胞浸润的关系。
我们从GEO数据库中检索了与DN相关的数据集GSE30122。然后鉴定差异表达基因（DEGs）并对其进行功能富集分析。此外，我们通过加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）获得关键基因模块。随后，我们获得了DEGs、关键基因模块和PRGs的交集基因。进一步使用四种算法筛选DN中的关键差异表达泛凋亡相关基因（DNDE-PRGs）。我们还通过基因集富集分析（GSEA）软件研究关键DNDE-PRGs的生物学功能。此外，我们分析了DN组织的免疫浸润情况。还检测了关键基因与肾小球滤过率（GFR）和血尿素氮（BUN）的相关性。最后，使用临床样本和db/db小鼠对关键基因进行验证。
我们鉴定出两个关键的DNDE-PRGs（ 和 ）。它们在DN中显示出良好的诊断价值。并且它们与免疫细胞浸润相关。此外，它们与GFR和BUN相关。最后，它们在临床样本和动物实验中得到验证。
和 可能是DN中良好的泛凋亡相关生物标志物。这为DN的发病机制提供了新的见解。
