Yikawe Semen Stephen, Aliyu Nasir, Solomon Joseph Hassan, Lawal Shuaibu, Adeyemi Musbau, Wapmuk Agatha Eileen, Adamu Andrew Musa, Anyasodor Anayochukwu Edward, Adegboye Oyelola A
Nigerian Air Force Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.
Federal Teaching Hospital, Katsina, Katsina, Nigeria.
PeerJ. 2025 Sep 12;13:e20002. doi: 10.7717/peerj.20002. eCollection 2025.
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) patients are at an increased risk of developing hearing loss. Given the critical role of normal hearing in speech and language development, early detection and treatment of this condition in children are paramount.
Hearing assessments were performed using transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) and automated auditory brain stem response (AABR) tests on 60 neonates. The resulting data were analysed using R version 4.3.3.
Out of the 60 neonates enrolled in the study, 57% were males and 43% were females, and their ages ranged from 1 to 30 days. A total of 43 (71.7%) neonates passed both hearing tests, while 17 (28.3%) failed. In the unadjusted analysis, low birth weight, prematurity, birth asphyxia, and gestational age were significantly associated with neonatal hearing screening failure. Premature neonates and those with low birth weight had markedly higher odds of failing the screening (Odds Ratio (OR) = 24.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) [5.85-135.0] and OR = 12.3; 95% CI [3.5-50.6], respectively), while gestational age was associated with lower odds of failure (OR = 0.59; 95% CI [0.43-0.76]). In the multivariable model, after accounting for multicollinearity, only gestational age remained a statistically significant predictor, with each additional week associated with reduced odds of screening failure (adjusted OR = 0.60; 95% CI [0.43-0.80]).
Our findings underscore the importance of early screening for hearing loss in high-risk neonates in the NICU to facilitate timely interventions.
新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的患者发生听力损失的风险增加。鉴于正常听力在言语和语言发育中的关键作用，儿童期这种疾病的早期检测和治疗至关重要。
对60例新生儿进行了瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）和自动听性脑干反应（AABR）测试，以进行听力评估。使用R版本4.3.3对所得数据进行分析。
在纳入研究的60例新生儿中，57%为男性，43%为女性，年龄范围为1至30天。共有43例（71.7%）新生儿通过了两项听力测试，而17例（28.3%）未通过。在未调整分析中，低出生体重、早产、出生窒息和胎龄与新生儿听力筛查失败显著相关。早产新生儿和低出生体重儿筛查失败的几率明显更高（优势比（OR）分别为24.4；95%置信区间（CI）[5.85 - 135.0]和OR = 12.3；95% CI [3.5 - 50.6]），而胎龄与失败几率较低相关（OR = 0.59；95% CI [0.43 - 0.76]）。在多变量模型中，在考虑多重共线性后，只有胎龄仍然是一个具有统计学意义的预测因素，每增加一周与筛查失败几率降低相关（调整后的OR = 0.60；95% CI [0.43 - 0.80]）。
我们的研究结果强调了在NICU对高危新生儿进行听力损失早期筛查以促进及时干预的重要性。
