Vora S, Layman W A, Mann E T, Danesino A
Dis Nerv Syst. 1977 Sep;38(9):717-21.
A review of the literature regarding the effects of long-term psychotherapy indicates that it has rarely been examined purely from the standpoint of the patient. This study attempts to determine how the patients perceive attitudinal change in themselves and their therapists during the treatment process. Twenty patients who received dynamically oriented psychotherapy in excess of one year in a typical outpatient clinic participated. These patients were randomly assigned a therapist who was either a Clinic staff member or senior resident in psychiatry. Slightly more than half the patients included in the study had a diagnosis of psychoneurosis, while the remainder were viewed as possessing characterological or psychotic disturbances. Evaluation of patient attitudes was achieved through the use of a modified version of Osgood's Semantic Differential Scale. It was determined that patients perceived themselves as becoming significantly more like their therapists after one year of psychotherapy. They saw themselves as more active, independent, dominant, outgoing, realistic and happy. This "psychic shift" is discussed in terms of identification, transference and counter-transference phenomena.
一项关于长期心理治疗效果的文献综述表明，很少有人单纯从患者的角度对其进行研究。本研究试图确定患者如何看待治疗过程中自身及治疗师的态度变化。20名在一家典型门诊接受了超过一年动力取向心理治疗的患者参与了研究。这些患者被随机分配给一名治疗师，该治疗师要么是诊所工作人员，要么是精神病学高级住院医师。纳入研究的患者中略多于一半被诊断为精神神经症，其余患者则被视为具有性格或精神障碍。通过使用经过修改的奥斯古德语义差异量表来评估患者的态度。结果发现，经过一年的心理治疗后，患者认为自己变得明显更像他们的治疗师。他们认为自己更积极、独立、有主导性、外向、现实且快乐。本文从认同、移情和反移情现象的角度对这种“心理转变”进行了讨论。
