Zhang Xiaofei, Lv Mengyuan, Wang Yuyang, Zhang Nan, Chen Di
Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
RSC Adv. 2025 Sep 15;15(40):33536-33548. doi: 10.1039/d5ra05405b. eCollection 2025 Sep 11.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are critical in cancer therapy, but their clinical application is complicated by narrow therapeutic windows and significant interpatient variability in pharmacokinetics. To address this, this study presents an effective pipette-tip solid-phase microextraction (PT-μSPE) method using kapok fiber-derived biochar (KFB) as a green and cost-effective sorbent for the extraction of TKIs in plasma. The KFB was incorporated as an inner-wall coating within a standard pipette tip, minimizing backpressure and enhancing automation compatibility. This PT-μSPE method is optimized for efficiency and sensitivity, with ethanol used as the desorption solvent. The method is coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the determination of TKIs, demonstrating excellent linearity ( > 0.99), sensitivity (LOD: 0.022-0.125 ng mL), and reproducibility. Furthermore, the method exhibits notable green chemistry characteristics, including minimal solvent usage and environmental sustainability. The proposed method offers a practical, scalable solution for TKI quantification for potential clinical and pharmacokinetic studies, with potential for high-throughput integration into automated systems.
酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKIs）在癌症治疗中至关重要，但其临床应用因治疗窗狭窄和患者间药代动力学的显著差异而变得复杂。为了解决这一问题，本研究提出了一种有效的移液器吸头固相微萃取（PT-μSPE）方法，该方法使用木棉纤维衍生的生物炭（KFB）作为一种绿色且经济高效的吸附剂，用于萃取血浆中的TKIs。KFB被作为内壁涂层纳入标准移液器吸头中，可将背压降至最低并提高自动化兼容性。这种PT-μSPE方法在效率和灵敏度方面进行了优化，使用乙醇作为解吸溶剂。该方法与液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）联用用于测定TKIs，显示出优异的线性（>0.99）、灵敏度（检测限：0.022-0.125 ng/mL）和重现性。此外，该方法具有显著的绿色化学特性，包括溶剂使用量最少和环境可持续性。所提出的方法为潜在的临床和药代动力学研究中TKIs的定量提供了一种实用、可扩展的解决方案，具有高通量集成到自动化系统中的潜力。
