Devi Yengkhom Linthoingambi, Verma Vikas, Kumar Mukesh, Laishram Priyashree, Heisnam Punabati, Ngangom Bidyapati, Huidrom Thoithoi
All India Coordinated Research Project on Forage Crops and Utilization, College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, 795004, Manipur, India.
All India Coordinated Research Project on Wheat and Barley, College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, 795004, Manipur, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 Sep 17;52(1):919. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-11036-7.
Fodder crops are crops which are mainly grown as feed for livestocks and it consist of a variety of crops ranging from annual to perennial crops. Even with many crops involved, advance crop improvement practices are done less in these crops. With the increase in demand for livestock population, the production and productivity of forage crops will also increased. Considering the present status of research work done in forage crops, it will be hard to meet the increasing demand of feed for livestock. Conventional breeding programs and cross breeding are time consuming and laborious for developing a new variety. Forage breeding using advance breeding system is less in areas of biochemical and molecular understanding of forage traits in forage crops. Here, we reviewed the recent research work done in advance methods of breeding system to accelerate crop improvement within short period of time. Advance crop improvement programs like marker assisted selection, Quantitative trait Loci, genome selection, genome wide association study, genome editing tools, use of Artificial intelligence and machine learning can accelerate fast achievement in forage breeding. This will help in increase of quality production and productivity of forage crops in the country. It is therefore, necessary to understand the gap prevailing in the current use of breeding system in forage crops and to further improve it to bring it to the level of other grain crops.
饲料作物是主要作为牲畜饲料种植的作物，它包括从一年生到多年生的各种作物。即使涉及多种作物，这些作物的先进作物改良实践也做得较少。随着牲畜数量需求的增加，饲料作物的产量和生产力也会提高。考虑到目前在饲料作物方面所做的研究工作的现状，将难以满足对牲畜饲料日益增长的需求。传统的育种计划和杂交育种对于培育新品种来说既耗时又费力。在对饲料作物的饲料特性进行生化和分子理解的领域，使用先进育种系统进行饲料育种的情况较少。在此，我们回顾了近期在先进育种系统方法方面所做的研究工作，以便在短时间内加速作物改良。像标记辅助选择、数量性状位点、基因组选择、全基因组关联研究、基因组编辑工具、人工智能和机器学习的使用等先进作物改良计划，可以加速饲料育种的快速成果。这将有助于提高该国饲料作物的优质产量和生产力。因此，有必要了解当前饲料作物育种系统使用中存在的差距，并进一步改进它，使其达到其他粮食作物的水平。
