Wong Tony, Böttcher Lucas, Chou Tom, D'Orsogna Maria R
Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
Department of Computational Science and Philosophy, Frankfurt School of Finance and Management, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2025 Sep 17;5(9):e0004623. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004623. eCollection 2025.
We analyze alcohol-induced deaths by race, gender, age and geography on a yearly (1999-2024) and monthly (2018-2024) basis, using data from the National Vital Statistics System. Crude rates for alcohol-induced deaths increased by 89% from 1999 to 2024. The largest relative increase occurred among females aged 25-34, with a 255% increase, and males aged 25-34, with a 188% increase. American Indian and Alaska Native populations remain the most affected. While alcohol-induced deaths are higher among males, crude rates are rising faster among females across all demographics, a concerning trend. Sharp increases occurred at the onset of COVID-19, peaking in 2021. For most demographics across the nation, crude rates remained abnormally high throughout 2023; significant decreases emerged only in 2024, four years after the start of COVID-19. Females were more impacted by alcohol-related liver disease than males; alcohol-related mental and behavioral disorders affected both genders. The largest monthly increases in alcohol-induced deaths occurred in American Indian and Alaska Native males (41% increase between May and June 2020) and females (32% increase between June and July 2020), Black females (32% increase between April and May 2020), males aged 15-34 (28% increase between April and May 2020) and females aged 35-44 (28% increase between April and May 2020). Since 2010, the highest crude rates have been in New Mexico. Record increases occurred in all states between 2019 and 2021; the largest was in Mississippi (122% increase between 2019 and 2021). By 2024, rates had returned within 10% of their 2019 levels in about half the states. In Oglala Lakota County (SD), McKinley County (NM), and Apache County (AZ), crude rates have exceeded an astonishing 80 fatalities per 100,000 annually since 2020. These findings emphasize the urgent need for targeted policies to reduce excessive alcohol consumption and improve access to treatment.
我们使用国家生命统计系统的数据，按种族、性别、年龄和地理位置，逐年（1999 - 2024年）和逐月（2018 - 2024年）分析酒精导致的死亡情况。从1999年到2024年，酒精导致的死亡粗率上升了89%。相对增幅最大的是25 - 34岁的女性，增长了255%，以及25 - 34岁的男性，增长了188%。美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民受影响最为严重。虽然男性中酒精导致的死亡人数更多，但在所有人口统计数据中，女性的粗率上升得更快，这是一个令人担忧的趋势。在新冠疫情开始时出现了大幅增长，在2021年达到峰值。对于全国大多数人口统计数据来说，粗率在2023年全年都异常高；直到2024年，也就是新冠疫情开始四年后，才出现显著下降。与酒精相关的肝病对女性的影响比男性更大；与酒精相关的精神和行为障碍对两性都有影响。酒精导致的死亡人数月度增幅最大的是美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民男性（2020年5月至6月间增长41%）和女性（2020年6月至7月间增长32%）、黑人女性（2020年4月至5月间增长32%）、15 - 34岁男性（2020年4月至5月间增长28%）以及35 - 44岁女性（2020年4月至5月间增长28%）。自2010年以来，粗率最高的是新墨西哥州。2019年至2021年期间，所有州的粗率都出现了创纪录的增长；增幅最大的是密西西比州（2019年至2021年期间增长122%）。到2024年，约一半的州的粗率已恢复到2019年水平的10%以内。自2020年以来，在南达科他州的奥格拉拉·拉科塔县、新墨西哥州的麦金利县和亚利桑那州的阿帕奇县，粗率每年每10万人超过惊人的80人死亡。这些发现强调了迫切需要制定针对性政策，以减少过量饮酒并改善治疗途径。
