Beauty Sharmin Akter, Sarder Sharon Jahan, Hossain Jakir, Uddin Nesar, Goni Osman, Rimi Rajoana Karim, Hossain Shakhawoat, Nikkon Farjana, Himeno Seiichiro, Hossain Khaled, Saud Zahangir Alam
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
Neurotox Res. 2025 Sep 20;43(5):34. doi: 10.1007/s12640-025-00756-0.
Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater in some parts of Bangladesh has become a major threat to human health. Chronic exposure to As leads to anxiety development, memory impairment, and muscle weakness in humans and experimental animals. Panax ginseng (PG) is an herb utilized for multiple health-related applications. Furthermore, regular exercise (Ex) can reduce the risk of various diseases, and is also effective against heavy metal-associated neurotoxicity. Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups (n = 6) to evaluate the protective effects of Ex and PG (50 mg/kg body weight) supplementation against As-induced (10 mg/kg body weight) muscular weakness and neurobehavioral Changes for 60 days. Mice exposed to As showed weaker muscular strength, impaired memory and increased anxiety-like behavior along with the alteration of biochemical parameters related muscular weakness and neurobehavioral changes compared to control mice. However, As + Ex + PG-exposed mice showed significantly (p < 0.05) better performances in all behavioral tests compared to mice exposed to As alone. Additionally, compared to As-exposed mice, As + Ex + PG-exposed mice showed significantly improved (p < 0.05) activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione reductase (rGR) in brain, while serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) were reduced. Furthermore, levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were increased, while interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were decreased in brain tissue of As + Ex + PG-exposed mice compared to As-exposed mice. The results of this study suggest that Ex with PG supplementation can attenuate As-induced muscle weakness, cognitive disorder and anxiety development, possibly through the up-regulation of the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway in the As-exposure mice.
孟加拉国一些地区的地下水砷污染已成为对人类健康的重大威胁。长期接触砷会导致人类和实验动物出现焦虑、记忆障碍和肌肉无力。人参是一种用于多种健康相关用途的草药。此外，定期锻炼可以降低患各种疾病的风险，对重金属相关的神经毒性也有效。将瑞士白化小鼠分为五组（n = 6），以评估锻炼和补充人参（50毫克/千克体重）对砷诱导（10毫克/千克体重）的肌肉无力和神经行为变化的保护作用，为期60天。与对照小鼠相比，接触砷的小鼠表现出较弱的肌肉力量、受损的记忆力、增加的焦虑样行为，以及与肌肉无力和神经行为变化相关的生化参数改变。然而，与仅接触砷的小鼠相比，接触砷+锻炼+人参的小鼠在所有行为测试中表现出显著更好的成绩（p < 0.05）。此外，与接触砷的小鼠相比，接触砷+锻炼+人参的小鼠大脑中的乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和还原型谷胱甘肽还原酶（rGR）活性显著提高（p < 0.05），而血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和肌酸激酶（CK）水平降低。此外，与接触砷的小鼠相比，接触砷+锻炼+人参的小鼠脑组织中核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）、血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1）和白细胞介素-10（IL-10）水平升高，而白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平降低。本研究结果表明，补充人参的锻炼可能通过上调砷暴露小鼠的Nrf2-HO-1途径，减轻砷诱导的肌肉无力、认知障碍和焦虑。
