Hopkins Amber R, Lan Tian, Schurger Aaron
Institute for Interdisciplinary Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
Psychology Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
iScience. 2025 Jul 29;28(9):113244. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113244. eCollection 2025 Sep 19.
When a visual target is followed by a visual mask stimulus, the target sometimes goes unseen. This is visual masking. In an experiment treating a masked visual stimulus as the sensory outcome of self-initiated action, we demonstrate that self-initiated action can rescue visual targets from backwards masks. Specifically, participants were correct about a visual target more often when the target-mask sequence appeared after their self-initiated action than when its onset was triggered externally. While self-initiated action sometimes induces sensory attenuation, whereby the perception of sensory events that follow actions is dampened, we observed that self-initiated action promotes the perception of the visual target. This effect could not be explained by the temporal (also called intentional) binding effect, another anticipatory effect that arises from self-initiated action. In addition to this effect, we also demonstrate the successful execution of a visual masking paradigm delivered online using a crowd-sourcing platform.
当一个视觉目标之后紧接着出现一个视觉掩蔽刺激时，该目标有时会看不见。这就是视觉掩蔽。在一项将掩蔽视觉刺激视为自我发起动作的感觉结果的实验中，我们证明自我发起的动作可以使视觉目标从逆向掩蔽中被挽救出来。具体而言，当目标 - 掩蔽序列出现在参与者的自我发起动作之后时，他们对视觉目标的判断正确率要高于该序列由外部触发时的情况。虽然自我发起的动作有时会引起感觉衰减，即动作之后感觉事件的感知会受到抑制，但我们观察到自我发起的动作会促进对视觉目标的感知。这种效应无法用时间（也称为意向性）绑定效应来解释，时间绑定效应是另一种源于自我发起动作的预期效应。除此之外，我们还展示了使用众包平台在线进行视觉掩蔽范式的成功实施。
