Cvijetić Selma, Kujundžić Marija, Franić Zrinka, Malić Mislav, Šušković Davor, Fajt Siniša, Macan Jelena
Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zagreb, Croatia.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2025 Sep 30;76(3):211-217. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2025-76-3968. eCollection 2025 Sep 1.
Young people often use headphones or speakers and most visit noisy places recreationally. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the relationship between exposure to recreational noise and hearing in 108 young Croatian participants aged 18-28 years. Hearing was assessed with audiometry and noise exposure by measuring the headphone volume to which each participant was accustomed while listening to music. Data on the daily use of headphones/speakers, visits to recreational noisy places, self-assessment of hearing, and health and demographics data were obtained with a questionnaire developed for this purpose. Mild sensorineural hearing loss was found in 5.5 % of participants (one man and six women). While all men reported their hearing as good, 13.9 % of women (n=9) described their hearing as average. Those women had significantly higher hearing thresholds than women who rated their hearing as good (p=0.036). Men spent significantly more time using headphones/speakers than women (1.9±1.2 vs 1.3±0.8 hours, p=0.002). Both men and women spent similar amount of time in recreational noisy venues, averaging 12.0 hours per month. More men used headphones at volumes exceeding 70 dB than women (52.2 % vs 27.7 %, p=0.009). Participants who self-reported hearing loss had significantly higher hearing thresholds than those who did not (p=0.036). Although we found no clear link between recreational noise and hearing loss, elevated thresholds in participants who reported hearing difficulties highlight the need for targeted hearing loss prevention.
年轻人经常使用耳机或音响，并且大多数人会在娱乐时前往嘈杂的场所。这项横断面研究的目的是确定108名年龄在18至28岁的克罗地亚年轻人接触娱乐性噪音与听力之间的关系。通过听力测定评估听力，并通过测量每位参与者听音乐时习惯的耳机音量来评估噪音暴露情况。使用为此目的开发的问卷收集有关耳机/音响的日常使用情况、前往娱乐嘈杂场所的次数、听力自我评估以及健康和人口统计学数据。5.5%的参与者（1名男性和6名女性）被发现有轻度感音神经性听力损失。虽然所有男性都报告自己听力良好，但13.9%的女性（n = 9）将自己的听力描述为一般。这些女性的听力阈值明显高于将自己听力评为良好的女性（p = 0.036）。男性使用耳机/音响的时间明显多于女性（1.9±1.2小时对1.3±0.8小时，p = 0.002）。男性和女性在娱乐嘈杂场所花费的时间相似，平均每月12.0小时。使用耳机时音量超过70分贝的男性比女性更多（52.2%对27.7%，p = 0.009）。自我报告有听力损失的参与者的听力阈值明显高于没有听力损失的参与者（p = 0.036）。虽然我们没有发现娱乐性噪音与听力损失之间有明确的联系，但报告有听力困难的参与者的阈值升高凸显了针对性预防听力损失的必要性。
