Candan Ebru, Metin Ziya Erokay, Tengilimoglu-Metin M Merve
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
J Nutr Sci. 2025 Sep 19;14:e66. doi: 10.1017/jns.2025.10038. eCollection 2025.
Differences in appetite, food intake, eating behaviours, and food preferences can occur throughout the menstrual cycle. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is associated with significant emotional and physiological changes, including altered appetite and food cravings. Therefore, the relationship between PMS and hedonic hunger, food craving of individuals during the menstrual cycle phases were investigated in this study. This study was conducted on 150 women volunteers. Research data were collected using a web-based questionnaire. Four assessment stages were scheduled for each woman, and they were classified in phases according to the onset of menstruation. Participants completed premenstrual syndrome scale and anthropometric measurements were taken based on their statements at the initial assessment stage. In the first, second, and third phases of menstrual cycle, a questionnaire form including the power of food scale (PFS) and Food Craving Questionnaire-Trait (FCQ-T) were applied. The average age, age of menarche, menstrual cycle length, and bleeding time of the participants were 22.0 ± 2.0, 13 ± 1, 27.7 ± 3, 5.9 ± 1.3, respectively. Women with PMS showed significantly higher total PFS scores compared to those without PMS during the luteal phase (mean ± SD: 3.5 ± 0.6 vs. 2.9 ± 0.7, < 0.01). Energy intake also increased significantly in the PMS group during this phase (mean ± SD: 2,200 ± 310 kcal/day vs. 1,880 ± 290 kcal/day, < 0.01). The PFS total scores of participants in phase 1 and phase 2 differ significantly according to BMI classification ( = 0.017; = 0.013). According to the presence of PMS, phase 1, phase 2, and phase 3, PFS total and sub-factor scores of women differ significantly ( < 0.05). The scores of those with PMS were higher than the scores of those without PMS. In conclusion, the presence of PMS affects hedonic hunger during the menstrual cycle phases.
食欲、食物摄入量、饮食行为和食物偏好的差异可能在整个月经周期中出现。经前综合征（PMS）与显著的情绪和生理变化有关，包括食欲改变和食物渴望。因此，本研究调查了经前综合征与享乐性饥饿（即个体在月经周期各阶段的食物渴望）之间的关系。本研究以150名女性志愿者为对象。研究数据通过基于网络的问卷收集。为每位女性安排了四个评估阶段，并根据月经来潮时间将她们分为不同阶段。参与者完成经前综合征量表，并在初始评估阶段根据她们的陈述进行人体测量。在月经周期的第一、第二和第三阶段，应用了一份包含食物力量量表（PFS）和食物渴望问卷-特质版（FCQ-T）的问卷。参与者的平均年龄、初潮年龄、月经周期长度和出血时间分别为22.0±2.0岁、13±1岁、27.7±3天、5.9±1.3天。在黄体期，患有经前综合征的女性的PFS总分显著高于未患经前综合征的女性（平均值±标准差：3.5±0.6 vs. 2.9±0.7，P<0.01）。在此阶段，经前综合征组的能量摄入量也显著增加（平均值±标准差：2200±310千卡/天 vs. 1880±290千卡/天，P<0.01）。根据BMI分类，第1阶段和第2阶段参与者的PFS总分存在显著差异（P=0.017；P=0.013）。根据是否患有经前综合征，第1阶段、第2阶段和第3阶段女性的PFS总分及子因子得分存在显著差异（P<0.05）。患有经前综合征者的得分高于未患经前综合征者。总之，经前综合征的存在会影响月经周期各阶段的享乐性饥饿。
