Kocaaga Burak, Celik Nermin, Kaba Ozge, Deniz Melis, Yakut Nurhayat
Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2025 Sep 22;58:e01542025. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0154-2024. eCollection 2025.
We report the case of a 17-year-old girl who was initially diagnosed with multiple sclerosis based on clinical and radiological findings and later confirmed to have neurobrucellosis via cerebrospinal fluid Brucella polymerase chain reaction positivity. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed demyelinating lesions consistent with multiple sclerosis, and Brucella infection due to epidemiological exposure was suspected. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first pediatric report of coexisting neurobrucellosis and multiple sclerosis. It underscores the diagnostic challenges in distinguishing between infectious and autoimmune demyelinating disorders, particularly in endemic regions, and highlights the importance of a comprehensive evaluation of atypical presentations.
我们报告了一名17岁女孩的病例，该女孩最初根据临床和影像学检查结果被诊断为多发性硬化症，后来通过脑脊液布鲁氏菌聚合酶链反应呈阳性确诊为神经型布鲁氏菌病。磁共振成像显示了与多发性硬化症相符的脱髓鞘病变，并怀疑由于流行病学接触导致布鲁氏菌感染。据我们所知，这是首例关于神经型布鲁氏菌病和多发性硬化症并存的儿科报告。它强调了区分感染性和自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病的诊断挑战，特别是在流行地区，并突出了对非典型表现进行全面评估的重要性。
