Beaumont Elizabeth, Porter Melanie A
School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Psychiatr Psychol Law. 2024 Sep 2;32(5):646-670. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2024.2346716. eCollection 2025.
While there is increasing use of standardised tools to assist in determining decision-making capacity in adults, there is limited literature evaluating these tools in children/adolescents. The current PRISMA guided systematic review aimed to evaluate standardised capacity assessment tools used in the child/adolescent population, and to examine the relationship between these capacity assessment tools and cognition. Inclusion criteria comprised: (1) validation of a new/existing tool to assess capacity or competence; (2) participants < 18 years; (3) involved validation on normative or non-normative populations; (4) published in English in a peer review journal. Ten studies were included. The majority applied a version of the Macarthur Competence Assessment Tool. Findings suggest capacity assessment tools demonstrate sound psychometric properties, but research into capacity assessment in children is still in its infancy. Limitations include the lack of diagnostic gold standard of capacity and the inconsistent and minimal incorporation of cognitive functioning into standardised capacity assessment.
虽然在协助确定成人决策能力方面，标准化工具的使用日益增多，但评估这些工具在儿童/青少年中的应用的文献却很有限。当前这项遵循PRISMA指南的系统评价旨在评估用于儿童/青少年人群的标准化能力评估工具，并研究这些能力评估工具与认知之间的关系。纳入标准包括：（1）对评估能力或胜任力的新工具/现有工具进行验证；（2）参与者年龄<18岁；（3）涉及对正常或非正常人群的验证；（4）在同行评审期刊上以英文发表。共纳入10项研究。大多数研究应用了麦克阿瑟能力评估工具的某个版本。研究结果表明，能力评估工具显示出良好的心理测量特性，但儿童能力评估的研究仍处于起步阶段。局限性包括缺乏能力的诊断金标准，以及在标准化能力评估中对认知功能的纳入不一致且极少。
