Mora-Ascó Juan José, Moret-Tatay Carmen, Jorques-Infante María José, Beneyto-Arrojo María José
Escuela de Doctorado, Universidad Católica de Valencia "San Vicente Mártir", 46001 Valencia, Spain.
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Católica de Valencia "San Vicente Mártir", 46100 Valencia, Spain.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2025 Aug 23;15(9):168. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe15090168.
Chronic pain (CP) is a multidimensional condition that exerts a considerable impact on individuals' quality of life and presents a wide range of clinical and psychological expressions. This study sought, firstly, to identify distinct clinical profiles among individuals with CP based on clinical indicators, and secondly, to examine the differences in psychological vulnerability and pain-related coping strategies according to the clinical profiles.
A total of 251 adults diagnosed with CP and residing in Spain participated in the study. Participants completed the Purpose in Life Test, the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Pain Coping Questionnaire. A two-step cluster analysis was performed to identify subgroups within the sample, followed by independent samples -tests to assess psychological differences between clusters.
This study identified two clinical profiles among individuals with CP, distinguished by diagnostic delay, disease progression, and functional impact. Cluster 1 exhibited greater functional impairment, lower quality of life, and higher emotional distress (uncertainty, perceived burdensomeness, emotional dysregulation, and hopelessness). In contrast, Cluster 2 showed lower functional impairment, better quality of life, greater use of distraction strategies, and a higher meaning in life.
These findings suggest that both medical and psychological aspects appear to be associated with each other and may influence the perception, evolution and adaptation to CP.
慢性疼痛（CP）是一种多维度的病症，对个体的生活质量产生重大影响，并呈现出广泛的临床和心理表现。本研究首先旨在根据临床指标确定慢性疼痛患者的不同临床特征，其次根据这些临床特征研究心理易损性和疼痛相关应对策略的差异。
共有251名居住在西班牙且被诊断为慢性疼痛的成年人参与了该研究。参与者完成了生活目的测试、反思功能问卷、人际需求问卷、贝克绝望量表、情绪调节困难量表和疼痛应对问卷。进行了两步聚类分析以确定样本中的亚组，随后进行独立样本检验以评估各亚组之间的心理差异。
本研究在慢性疼痛患者中确定了两种临床特征，其区别在于诊断延迟、疾病进展和功能影响。第1组表现出更大的功能损害、更低的生活质量以及更高的情绪困扰（不确定性、感知到的负担感、情绪调节障碍和绝望）。相比之下，第2组显示出较低的功能损害、较好的生活质量、更多地使用分散注意力策略以及更高的生活意义。
这些发现表明，医学和心理方面似乎相互关联，并且可能影响对慢性疼痛的感知、演变和适应。
