Kakhki Samaneh, Fadavi Razdabi Elham, Mohammadzadeh Faezeh, Abbaszade-Cheragheali Ali, Jomehpour Mahshid, Beheshti Farimah
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.
Department of Research and Development, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Sep 26;15(1):33198. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-17809-1.
There are increasing concerns about nicotine (Nic) and ethanol (Eth) dependence and more importantly the detrimental effects of Nic abstinence among adolescents. The present study aims to assess the effects of crocin main constituent of saffron on anxiety, and depressive like behavior caused by withdrawal following co-abuse of Eth and Nic by assessing related behavioral and biochemical analysis. To this end, behavioral tests including elevated plus maze, open field and forced swimming tests alongside related biochemical analysis were done in which experienced abstinence or treated with crocin. Nic-Eth abstinence induced anxiety- and depressive-like symptoms, whereas both doses of crocin (20 and 30 mg/kg) decreased anxiety and depression induced by Nic-Eth abstinence. In biochemical analysis, crocin as well as buprenorphine-naloxone (Bup-Nal) improved the both oxidative/antioxidant and inflammatory/anti-inflammatory biomarkers balance. Furthermore, serotonin significantly increased in Nic-Eth group treated with either crocin or Bup-Nal. In addition, MAO activity significantly increased in Nic-Eth group, whereas treatment of that with crocin as well as Bup-Nal notably attenuated MAO activity. BDNF notably increased in Nic-Eth group treated with crocin and Bup-Nal. Considering previous results, crocin have a wide range of pharmacological effects, and the present findings also confirmed that it has strong potential to be effective in anxiety, and depressive-like behavior occurred in withdrawal following Nic and Eth.
人们越来越关注青少年对尼古丁（Nic）和乙醇（Eth）的依赖，更重要的是尼古丁戒断的有害影响。本研究旨在通过评估相关行为和生化分析，来评估藏红花的主要成分西红花苷对焦虑以及由Eth和Nic共同滥用戒断引起的抑郁样行为的影响。为此，对经历过戒断或用西红花苷治疗的实验对象进行了行为测试，包括高架十字迷宫、旷场试验和强迫游泳试验以及相关生化分析。Nic-Eth戒断诱发了焦虑和抑郁样症状，而两种剂量的西红花苷（20和30mg/kg）均降低了Nic-Eth戒断诱发的焦虑和抑郁。在生化分析中，西红花苷以及丁丙诺啡-纳洛酮（Bup-Nal）改善了氧化/抗氧化和炎症/抗炎生物标志物平衡。此外，用西红花苷或Bup-Nal治疗的Nic-Eth组中血清素显著增加。此外，Nic-Eth组中MAO活性显著增加，而用西红花苷以及Bup-Nal治疗则显著减弱了MAO活性。用西红花苷和Bup-Nal治疗的Nic-Eth组中BDNF显著增加。考虑到先前的结果，西红花苷具有广泛的药理作用，目前的研究结果也证实，它在焦虑以及Nic和Eth戒断后出现的抑郁样行为方面具有很强的有效潜力。
