Di Caro Alessandro Vito, Cavallo Josephin, Scalone Andrea, Passanisi Alessia, Schimmenti Adriano
Department of Human and Social Sciences, UKE-Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy.
Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Aug 25;15(9):1154. doi: 10.3390/bs15091154.
Attachment styles and defense mechanisms are widely recognized as central components in personality development. However, few empirical studies have examined their combined contribution to maladaptive personality traits within the dimensional framework of the DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD). This study investigated the extent to which adult attachment styles and defense mechanisms predict the five AMPD maladaptive personality domains: negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism. Data were collected from a community sample of 400 adults (190 males, 47.5%), aged 18 to 69 years (M = 36.96; SD = 11.59). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted for each maladaptive personality domain to examine the predictive roles of attachment styles and defense mechanisms. Our findings indicate that each maladaptive personality domain is associated with specific configurations of attachment styles and defense mechanisms. In conclusion, the findings suggest the relevance of assessing adult attachment styles and defensive functioning in clinical contexts in order to deepen the understanding of the individuals' personality profiles.
依恋风格和防御机制被广泛认为是人格发展的核心组成部分。然而，很少有实证研究在《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版人格障碍替代模型（AMPD）的维度框架内，考察它们对适应不良人格特质的综合影响。本研究调查了成人依恋风格和防御机制在多大程度上能够预测AMPD的五个适应不良人格领域：消极情感性、疏离、敌对、抑制解除和精神病性。数据来自400名18至69岁成年人（190名男性，占47.5%）的社区样本（M = 36.96；SD = 11.59）。对每个适应不良人格领域进行了分层多元回归分析，以检验依恋风格和防御机制的预测作用。我们的研究结果表明，每个适应不良人格领域都与依恋风格和防御机制的特定组合相关。总之，研究结果表明在临床环境中评估成人依恋风格和防御功能的相关性，以便加深对个体人格特征的理解。
