Zhang Rui, Dong Qi, Fang Zhiqiang, Deng Yongjun, Li Pengcheng, Xu Hao, Huang Weibo
Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Sep 11;17(18):2461. doi: 10.3390/polym17182461.
To address the challenge of balancing the damping performance with mechanical strength in conventional polyurea materials for blast mitigation, this study develops a constrained layer damping coating structure using Q413t viscoelastic polyurea (Q413t) as the damping layer and FPU-1 flexible polyurea (FPU-1) as the constraining layer. The mechanical behaviors of both types of polyurea were characterized through tensile testing at varying loading speeds, while dynamic thermomechanical analysis was utilized to evaluate their damping properties. A 75 g TNT contact explosion test and finite element simulation were employed to explore the protective mechanism. The results show that Q413t demonstrates significant strain-rate sensitivity under intermediate-strain-rate conditions, whereas FPU-1 exhibits minimal variation in mechanical strength. Q413t demonstrates a superior damping performance over a frequency range of 0-10 Hz. FPU-1 achieved a loss factor of 0.3 when the loading frequency reached 10-10 Hz. Under the 75 g TNT contact explosion load, the configuration with a 1 mm damping layer and a 3 mm constraint layer achieved a maximum displacement reduction of 35.26%. In the constrained layer damping coating, the damping layer contributes to blast protection through energy dissipation and load distribution, while the constraining layer reduces structural deformation by limiting displacement. Relative motion between the layers further enhances the overall damping performance. The constrained layer damping coating provides optimal blast protection when the damping-to-constraining layer thickness ratio is 1:3. The constrained layer damping coating enables the synergistic optimization of mechanical strength and energy dissipation, effectively mitigating structural deformation induced by blast loading and demonstrating promising engineering application potential.
为应对传统聚脲材料在减轻爆炸冲击时平衡阻尼性能与机械强度的挑战，本研究开发了一种约束层阻尼涂层结构，使用Q413t粘弹性聚脲（Q413t）作为阻尼层，FPU - 1柔性聚脲（FPU - 1）作为约束层。通过在不同加载速度下的拉伸试验对两种聚脲的力学行为进行了表征，同时利用动态热机械分析来评估它们的阻尼性能。采用75 g TNT接触爆炸试验和有限元模拟来探究其防护机制。结果表明，Q413t在中等应变率条件下表现出显著的应变率敏感性，而FPU - 1的机械强度变化极小。Q413t在0 - 10 Hz频率范围内表现出优异的阻尼性能。当加载频率达到10 - 10 Hz时，FPU - 1的损耗因子达到0.3。在75 g TNT接触爆炸载荷下，具有1 mm阻尼层和3 mm约束层的结构实现了最大位移减少35.26%。在约束层阻尼涂层中，阻尼层通过能量耗散和载荷分布有助于爆炸防护，而约束层通过限制位移减少结构变形。层间的相对运动进一步增强了整体阻尼性能。当阻尼层与约束层厚度比为1:3时，约束层阻尼涂层提供了最佳的爆炸防护。约束层阻尼涂层能够实现机械强度和能量耗散的协同优化，有效减轻爆炸载荷引起的结构变形，并展现出良好的工程应用潜力。
