Hernández-Álvarez Elisa, Rojas-Hernández Jaime, Borkel Lucas F, Quintana-Hernández Domingo J, Fernández-Borkel Tobías, Henríquez-Hernández Luis Alberto
Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Asociación Científica Psicodélica, 35412 Arucas, Spain.
Vet Sci. 2025 Sep 9;12(9):872. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12090872.
This study investigated the effects of low-dose 1cp-LSD, a prodrug of LSD, on canine anxiety, while exploring the influence of owner psychopathology on treatment outcomes. Seven dogs exhibiting anxiety-related behaviors were recruited and received 2.5, 5, or 10 µg of 1cp-LSD orally every three days for 30 days. One additional dog, which did not meet clinical criteria for anxiety but whose owner perceived it as anxious, received a placebo (saccharin) as an observational case. Anxiety levels were assessed using validated scales at baseline, post-treatment, and one month after treatment cessation. Owners' neuroticism and psychopathological dimensions were evaluated using the IPIP and SA-45 scales. Linear regression analyses examined associations between anxiety reduction, administered dose, and owner psychological traits. A significant reduction in separation anxiety scores was observed post-treatment (mean: 11.3 ± 3.0, = 0.023). Higher 1cp-LSD doses correlated with greater anxiety reduction (B = -1.15, 95% CI = [-2.29, -0.003], = 0.050). Additionally, higher owner psychoticism scores were associated with smaller improvements in canine anxiety ( = 0.035). Anxiety levels remained low one month after treatment, with significant associations between canine anxiety and the owners' hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, and paranoid ideation. These findings support the potential role of low-dose serotonergic psychedelics in managing canine anxiety and suggest an association between caregiver psychological traits and treatment outcomes. The sustained reduction in anxiety behaviors also suggests a meaningful and lasting improvement in animal welfare. However, significant results should be interpreted cautiously due to the small sample size. Further blinded, controlled studies are needed to validate these preliminary observations and assess broader applications in veterinary behavioral medicine.
本研究调查了麦角酰二乙胺前体药物低剂量1cp-LSD对犬类焦虑的影响，同时探讨了主人精神病理学对治疗结果的影响。招募了7只表现出焦虑相关行为的犬，每三天口服2.5、5或10微克的1cp-LSD，持续30天。另外一只犬不符合焦虑的临床标准，但主人认为它焦虑，作为观察病例接受了安慰剂（糖精）。在基线、治疗后和停止治疗后一个月使用经过验证的量表评估焦虑水平。使用IPIP和SA-45量表评估主人的神经质和精神病理学维度。线性回归分析检验了焦虑减轻、给药剂量和主人心理特征之间的关联。治疗后观察到分离焦虑评分显著降低（平均值：11.3±3.0，P=0.023）。较高的1cp-LSD剂量与更大程度的焦虑减轻相关（B=-1.15，95%CI=[-2.29，-0.003]，P=0.050）。此外，较高的主人精神质得分与犬类焦虑改善较小相关（P=0.035）。治疗后一个月焦虑水平仍然较低，犬类焦虑与主人的敌意、人际敏感性和偏执观念之间存在显著关联。这些发现支持了低剂量血清素能迷幻剂在管理犬类焦虑方面的潜在作用，并表明照顾者心理特征与治疗结果之间存在关联。焦虑行为的持续减少也表明动物福利有有意义且持久的改善。然而，由于样本量小，显著结果应谨慎解释。需要进一步的双盲对照研究来验证这些初步观察结果，并评估在兽医行为医学中的更广泛应用。
