Hou Chenyu, Zhu Honglan, Chang Xiaohong
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
Center of Gynecologic Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025 Sep 26;16(1):520. doi: 10.1186/s13287-025-04623-9.
In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered significant attention as promising therapeutic tools for various diseases. To date, over ten MSC-based therapies have been approved and marketed worldwide, with their potential applications increasingly recognized. In gynecology, the exploration and clinical application of MSCs has advanced rapidly, with MSCs derived from diverse sources—including bone marrow, adipose tissue, menstrual blood, umbilical cord, umbilical cord blood, and placenta—undergoing extensive research and clinical trials. Due to their self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation, and immunomodulatory capabilities, MSCs offer promising prospects for treating gynecological diseases. MSCs are being explored for the treatment of various conditions, such as uterine adhesions, endometriosis, premature ovarian insufficiency, polycystic ovary syndrome, pelvic floor dysfunction, and gynecological tumors. Notably, MSC therapies for uterine adhesions and early-onset ovarian failure have progressed to clinical application, demonstrating notable efficacy. However, challenges remain in applying MSCs in gynecology, including cell source selection, standardization of preparation methods, and assessment of safety and efficacy. This review aims to systematically summarize the current status of MSC applications in gynecology, analyze existing challenges, and propose future directions for development. With advancements in technology and ongoing research, MSCs are expected to demonstrate broader applications in gynecological disease treatment, benefiting a larger number of patients.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-025-04623-9.
近年来，间充质干细胞（MSCs）作为治疗多种疾病的潜在治疗工具受到了广泛关注。迄今为止，全球已有十多种基于MSCs的疗法获批上市，其潜在应用越来越得到认可。在妇科领域，MSCs的探索和临床应用进展迅速，来源于骨髓、脂肪组织、月经血、脐带、脐带血和胎盘等多种来源的MSCs正在接受广泛的研究和临床试验。由于其自我更新、多向分化和免疫调节能力，MSCs为治疗妇科疾病提供了广阔前景。目前正在探索将MSCs用于治疗各种病症，如子宫粘连、子宫内膜异位症、卵巢早衰、多囊卵巢综合征、盆底功能障碍和妇科肿瘤。值得注意的是，用于治疗子宫粘连和早发性卵巢功能衰竭的MSCs疗法已进入临床应用阶段，显示出显著疗效。然而，在妇科领域应用MSCs仍存在挑战，包括细胞来源选择、制备方法标准化以及安全性和疗效评估。本综述旨在系统总结MSCs在妇科应用的现状，分析现存挑战，并提出未来的发展方向。随着技术的进步和研究的不断深入，预计MSCs在妇科疾病治疗中将展现出更广泛的应用，使更多患者受益。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s13287-025-04623-9获取的补充材料。
