Akbudak Mahir, Belli Hasan, Gökçay Hasan
Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Mardin Training and Research Hospital, Mardin, 47100, Turkey.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, 34100, Turkey.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Sep 26;13(1):1059. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-03434-0.
This study is concerned with relationships between childhood trauma history, dissociative experiences, clinical phenomenology of Jinn-Possession Psychosis (JPP), and schizophrenia in an Islamic cultural context. Researchers have contacted local traditional and spiritual healers based in a city in the Southeast region of the Republic of Turkey. Traditional healers have contacted us with patients who had experienced jinn possession. The authors also included schizophrenia patients who were followed up in the hospital and did not have mystical delusions as a control group. The study included 42 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and 42 patients diagnosed with JPP (Psychotic Disorders Not Otherwise Specified). Researchers have assessed participants using the Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Researchers compared two groups. The present study has shown that patients with JPP have higher dissociation and childhood traumatic experiences scores than the schizophrenia group and that the patients with the JPP group yielded elevated physical abuse, emotional neglect, sexual abuse, and physical neglect scores as compared to the schizophrenia group. As expected, PANSS-negative symptoms were higher in the group diagnosed with schizophrenia. PANSS-positive scores did not differ significantly between the JPP and schizophrenia groups. In the univariate logistic regression analysis, total dissociation, total childhood trauma, and PANSS total scores were significant predictors of belonging to the JPP group. In the multivariate regression model, only total dissociation and PANSS total scores remained significant independent predictors. Additionally, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that dissociation and childhood trauma scores had strong discriminative ability, although childhood trauma did not remain a significant independent predictor in the multivariate model. The present study showed that the sub-group of patients with high childhood trauma and dissociation scores documented elevated levels of psychotic symptoms. Results show the significance of therapies concentrating on childhood traumatic experiences and culture-based pathologies along with psychopharmacologic approaches in the treatment of JPP.
本研究关注在伊斯兰文化背景下，童年创伤史、分离体验、精灵附体精神病（JPP）的临床现象学与精神分裂症之间的关系。研究人员联系了土耳其共和国东南部一个城市的当地传统和精神治疗师。传统治疗师让有精灵附体经历的患者与我们取得联系。作者还纳入了在医院接受随访且没有神秘妄想的精神分裂症患者作为对照组。该研究包括42名根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版（DSM - 5）诊断标准被诊断为精神分裂症的患者以及42名被诊断为JPP（未另作说明的精神障碍）的患者。研究人员使用分离问卷（DIS - Q）、童年创伤问卷（CTQ）和阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）对参与者进行评估。研究人员比较了两组。本研究表明，JPP患者的分离和童年创伤经历得分高于精神分裂症组，并且与精神分裂症组相比，JPP组患者在身体虐待、情感忽视、性虐待和身体忽视方面的得分更高。正如预期的那样，在被诊断为精神分裂症的组中，PANSS阴性症状更高。JPP组和精神分裂症组之间的PANSS阳性得分没有显著差异。在单因素逻辑回归分析中，总分离、童年创伤总分和PANSS总分是属于JPP组的显著预测因素。在多变量回归模型中，只有总分离和PANSS总分仍然是显著的独立预测因素。此外，受试者工作特征（ROC）分析表明，分离和童年创伤得分具有很强的判别能力，尽管童年创伤在多变量模型中不再是显著的独立预测因素。本研究表明，童年创伤和分离得分高的患者亚组记录了更高水平的精神病症状。结果表明，在JPP的治疗中，除了心理药物治疗方法外，专注于童年创伤经历和基于文化的病理的治疗具有重要意义。
