Castillo-Contreras Alberto, González-Jáuregui Mauricio, Lázaro-Bello Dalia, Paredes-Trujillo Amelia
Centro de Estudios de Desarrollo Sustentable y Aprovechamiento de la Vida Silvestre (CEDESU), Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Av. Héroes de Nacozari 480, 24070, Campeche, Mexico.
Crocodile Research and Management for Conservation, Carretera Chiná-San Agustín Olá Km 4, 24522, Campeche, Mexico.
Ecohealth. 2025 Sep 27. doi: 10.1007/s10393-025-01759-1.
Between July 2021 and July 2022, a cross-sectional parasitological survey was conducted on 97 free-ranging Crocodylus moreletii individuals across four Mexican states: Campeche, Quintana Roo, Yucatán, and Tabasco. Sampling was conducted out at 12 sites representing varying degrees of anthropogenic disturbance, categorized as conserved, moderately disturbed, and highly disturbed habitats. Parasitological analysis identified seven nematode taxa: Contracaecum sp. type 1, Contracaecum sp. type 2, Terranova crocodili, Micropleura sp., Dujardinascaris helicina, Eustrongylides sp., and Goezia nonipapillata, belonging to four families: Ascarididae, Anisakidae, Micropleuridae, and Dioctophymidae. The most prevalent species were Contracaecum sp. type 1 (51%), followed by Contracaecum sp. type 2 (41%) and D. helicina (28%), while Eustrongylides sp. showed the lowest prevalence (4.1%). Parasite composition differed significantly among sites with varying levels of anthropogenic disturbance (PERMANOVA, p < 0.05). Contracaecum sp. type 1 reached a prevalence of 100% in moderately disturbed habitats. Additionally, Contracaecum sp. type 2, D. helicina, and T. crocodili exhibited moderate to high prevalence across all surveyed localities, irrespective of habitat disturbance levels. Eustrongylides sp. and G. nonipapillata were found exclusively in urban environments. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring host-parasite dynamics across environmental gradients of anthropogenic impact to better assess zoonotic risks and promote both public and wildlife health.
2021年7月至2022年7月期间，在墨西哥四个州（坎佩切州、金塔纳罗奥州、尤卡坦州和塔巴斯科州）对97只自由放养的莫雷莱鳄个体进行了横断面寄生虫学调查。在12个代表不同程度人为干扰的地点进行了采样，这些地点被分类为保护栖息地、中度干扰栖息地和高度干扰栖息地。寄生虫学分析确定了七个线虫类群：1型对盲囊线虫、2型对盲囊线虫、鳄新线虫、微侧尾线虫属、螺旋杜氏蛔虫、真圆线虫属和九乳头戈氏线虫，它们属于四个科：蛔虫科、异尖线虫科、微侧尾线虫科和膨结线虫科。最常见的物种是1型对盲囊线虫（51%），其次是2型对盲囊线虫（41%）和螺旋杜氏蛔虫（28%），而真圆线虫属的患病率最低（4.1%）。在人为干扰程度不同的地点，寄生虫组成存在显著差异（PERMANOVA，p < 0.05）。1型对盲囊线虫在中度干扰的栖息地中患病率达到100%。此外，2型对盲囊线虫、螺旋杜氏蛔虫和鳄新线虫在所有调查地点的患病率都处于中度到高度，与栖息地干扰水平无关。真圆线虫属和九乳头戈氏线虫仅在城市环境中被发现。这些发现强调了监测人为影响环境梯度上宿主-寄生虫动态的重要性，以便更好地评估人畜共患病风险并促进公共健康和野生动物健康。
