Lv Wei, Zhao Xiaoli, Liu Lidan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qiaokou District, Hubei Province, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, No.215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rudong Hospital of T. C. M, Nantong, 226400, P. R. China.
BMC Womens Health. 2025 Sep 29;25(1):462. doi: 10.1186/s12905-025-04012-7.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) on the relationship between overweight/obese and urinary incontinence (UI) in women.
A total of 13,733 female patients were included in this cross-sectional study, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018. Various subtypes of UI were the primary endpoint. Overweight was defined as 25 kg/m ≤ body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m; obese was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m. LCD was categorized into two groups based on median value: low-LCD group, high-LCD group. We employed weighted univariate and multivariate regression analysis to examine the association between overweight, obese, and UI [including stress UI (SUI), urge UI (UUI), mixed UI (MUI), or any UI)] within each group (low-LCD and high-LCD groups).
47.53% presented with low-LCD score, and 52.47% had high-LCD score. The association between overweight or obese and an increased risk of SUI in both the low-LCD and high-LCD groups. Compared to the low-LCD group, the correlation between BMI and SUI was reduced in high-LCD group. Obese was related to a higher risk of UUI in female with low/high-LCD score. Women with high-LCD score exhibited a diminished correlation between obese and UUI risk, in contrast to their counterparts with low-LCD score. Similarly, higher risk of MUI can be found in overweight and obese female with low LCD score. In the high LCD group, obese was significantly associated with an increased risk of MUI. When the LCD score increased, there was a corresponding decrease in the impact of obese on MUI risk. Any subtype of UI risk was higher among women who were overweight or obese, regardless of their low or high LCD score. As the LCD score increased, the impact of overweight/obese on the any subtypes of UI risk decreased.
High-LCD score may attenuate the impact of overweight or obese on the SUI, UUI, MUI and any UI. Adopting LCD pattern may have the potential to mitigate the risk of overweight and obese-related UI.
本研究旨在评估低碳水化合物饮食（LCD）对女性超重/肥胖与尿失禁（UI）之间关系的影响。
本横断面研究共纳入13733名女性患者，数据来自2007 - 2018年国家健康与营养检查调查。各种UI亚型为主要终点。超重定义为体重指数（BMI）≥25 kg/m²且<30 kg/m²；肥胖定义为BMI≥30 kg/m²。LCD根据中位数分为两组：低LCD组、高LCD组。我们采用加权单因素和多因素回归分析来检验每组（低LCD组和高LCD组）中超重、肥胖与UI[包括压力性尿失禁（SUI）、急迫性尿失禁（UUI）、混合性尿失禁（MUI）或任何类型的UI]之间的关联。
47.53%的患者LCD得分低，52.47%的患者LCD得分高。在低LCD组和高LCD组中，超重或肥胖与SUI风险增加之间均存在关联。与低LCD组相比，高LCD组中BMI与SUI之间的相关性降低。肥胖与低/高LCD得分女性发生UUI的较高风险相关。与低LCD得分的女性相比，高LCD得分的女性肥胖与UUI风险之间的相关性降低。同样，低LCD得分的超重和肥胖女性发生MUI的风险较高。在高LCD组中，肥胖与MUI风险增加显著相关。当LCD得分增加时，肥胖对MUI风险的影响相应降低。无论LCD得分低或高，超重或肥胖女性中任何类型的UI风险均较高。随着LCD得分增加，超重/肥胖对任何类型UI风险的影响降低。
高LCD得分可能会减弱超重或肥胖对SUI、UUI、MUI及任何类型UI的影响。采用LCD模式可能有减轻超重和肥胖相关UI风险的潜力。
