Hernández-Montiel Á H, Larios-Soriano E, Sánchez-Serrano S, Gisbert E, True C, López L M, Galaviz-Espinoza M A
Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Carretera Transpeninsular Ensenada - Tijuana No. 3917, Col. Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, B.C., Mexico.
IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de La Ràpita, Aquaculture Program, Crta. Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540, Sant Carles de La Ràpita, Spain.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2025 Oct 22;51(6):178. doi: 10.1007/s10695-025-01595-8.
Understanding the effects of environmental temperature on marine fish larvae is crucial for optimizing feeding regimes and promoting optimal development and growth from a zootechnical perspective in aquaculture practices. The present study investigated the impact of different rearing temperatures on development, growth, and oxygen consumption rates of Totoaba macdonaldi larvae. An open-flow seawater recirculating system was used in which larvae (150 specimens/L) were exposed in triplicate to four rearing temperatures (20, 24, 26, and 28 °C) for 24 days under standard larval rearing conditions. Larvae were sampled at 7, 12, 16, 20, and 24 days post hatching (DPH) to assess growth performance, survival, histological condition, and respirometry. At the end of the trial, the highest total length (TL) and body weight (BW) values were observed at 26 °C, with larvae displaying negative allometric growth in terms of TL and BW, similar to those reared at 24 and 28 °C. In contrast, larvae reared at 20 °C showed lower growth and an isometric growth pattern. No significant differences in Fulton's condition factor (K) were detected among treatments. Survival rates were the highest at 28 °C, while increased cannibalism at 26 °C was associated with elevated specific growth rates and thermal growth coefficients. Histological analysis revealed better structural organization in the gills and liver of larvae reared at 26 °C, whereas other treatments showed signs of inflammation. Respirometry results indicated that larvae reared at 20 °C had significantly higher metabolic rates. However, these differences diminished by DPH 20 and 24, likely reflecting developmental changes and phenotypic plasticity during the larval-to-juvenile transition. Based on physiological and metabolic indicators, a rearing temperature of 26 °C is recommended for T. macdonaldi larviculture.
从水产养殖实践中的动物饲养技术角度来看，了解环境温度对海水鱼幼体的影响对于优化投喂方式以及促进最佳发育和生长至关重要。本研究调查了不同养殖温度对麦氏托头石首鱼幼体发育、生长和耗氧率的影响。采用开放式海水循环系统，在标准幼体养殖条件下，将幼体（150尾/升）一式三份暴露于四个养殖温度（20、24、26和28°C）下24天。在孵化后第7、12、16、20和24天（DPH）对幼体进行采样，以评估生长性能、存活率、组织学状况和呼吸测定。试验结束时，在26°C下观察到最高的全长（TL）和体重（BW）值，幼体在TL和BW方面呈现负异速生长，与在24和28°C下养殖的幼体相似。相比之下，在20°C下养殖的幼体生长较慢且呈现等速生长模式。各处理间未检测到Fulton体况指数（K）的显著差异。存活率在28°C时最高，而在26°C时同类相食增加与特定生长率和热生长系数升高有关。组织学分析显示，在26°C下养殖的幼体鳃和肝脏的结构组织更好，而其他处理则显示出炎症迹象。呼吸测定结果表明，在20°C下养殖的幼体代谢率显著更高。然而，这些差异在DPH 20和24时减小，这可能反映了幼体到幼鱼过渡期间的发育变化和表型可塑性。基于生理和代谢指标，建议将26°C作为麦氏托头石首鱼幼体养殖的温度。
