Yu Huang-Ping, Hsu Ching-Yun, Fang Jia-You, Lin Zih-Chan
Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2026 Jan;42(1):e70130. doi: 10.1002/kjm2.70130. Epub 2025 Oct 23.
Skin cancer, encompassing melanoma and non-melanoma types, remains a significant public health concern globally. Conventional therapies-such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy-are constrained by poor skin penetration, systemic toxicity, and high recurrence rates. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising strategy to address these limitations through enhanced drug delivery, targeted tumor accumulation, and reduced off-target effects. This review summarizes recent advances in nanocarrier-based approaches for skin cancer therapy. Key platforms include liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, and biomimetic systems. These nanocarriers facilitate passive, active, and stimuli-responsive targeting, thereby improving drug distribution within tumors and enhancing therapeutic precision. Applications include chemotherapy, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, gene and RNA delivery, and immunotherapy. Despite substantial preclinical success, challenges persist in translating findings to the clinic. These include limited dermal penetration, tumor heterogeneity, immune clearance, and regulatory barriers. Innovative solutions-such as multifunctional nanocarriers, personalized formulations, and non-invasive delivery devices-are being investigated to address these issues. In conclusion, nanotechnology holds considerable potential to transform skin cancer treatment. Continued interdisciplinary efforts are crucial for translating laboratory innovations into clinically viable therapies, ensuring safer and more effective outcomes for patients.
皮肤癌，包括黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤类型，仍然是全球重大的公共卫生问题。传统疗法，如手术、放疗、化疗和免疫疗法，受到皮肤渗透性差、全身毒性和高复发率的限制。纳米技术已成为一种有前景的策略，可通过增强药物递送、靶向肿瘤聚集和减少脱靶效应来解决这些局限性。本综述总结了基于纳米载体的皮肤癌治疗方法的最新进展。关键平台包括脂质体、聚合物纳米颗粒、树枝状大分子、金属纳米颗粒和仿生系统。这些纳米载体促进被动、主动和刺激响应靶向，从而改善肿瘤内的药物分布并提高治疗精度。应用包括化疗、光热和光动力疗法、基因和RNA递送以及免疫疗法。尽管临床前取得了重大成功，但将研究结果转化为临床应用仍存在挑战。这些挑战包括皮肤渗透性有限、肿瘤异质性、免疫清除和监管障碍。正在研究创新解决方案，如多功能纳米载体、个性化制剂和非侵入性递送装置，以解决这些问题。总之，纳米技术在改变皮肤癌治疗方面具有巨大潜力。持续的跨学科努力对于将实验室创新转化为临床可行的疗法至关重要，可为患者确保更安全、更有效的治疗结果。
