Reddy Raghuram V, Ong Joshua, Lee Ryung, Sampige Ritu, Waisberg Ethan, Gibson C Robert, Berdahl John, Mader Thomas H
Department of Ophthalmology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Life Sci Space Res (Amst). 2025 Nov;47:69-76. doi: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.06.002. Epub 2025 Jun 7.
Ocular surface tumors, originating from either the conjunctiva or the cornea, primarily fall into three categories of malignant or premalignant neoplasms: ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN), ocular surface melanocytic tumors, and conjunctival lymphoid tumors. These neoplasms can originate from either the conjunctiva or the cornea. Exposure to space radiation, particularly galactic cosmic rays, and solar particle events, poses a significant threat to astronaut health, including the development of ocular malignancies. As such, the objective of this study was to describe the exposure risk for ocular surface malignancies, current mitigation strategies, and management considerations for a mission to Mars. The current mitigation strategies for space radiation include physical and structural shielding along with dietary interventions. Additionally, management of ocular health during a Mars mission can include holoportation, AI-powered diagnostics, newest in-space surgical technology, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and more. Conclusively, further research and collaboration amongst space and healthcare professionals is necessary to ensure the safety and well-being of astronauts during future space exploration endeavors.
眼表肿瘤起源于结膜或角膜，主要分为三类恶性或癌前肿瘤：眼表鳞状上皮病变（OSSN）、眼表黑素细胞肿瘤和结膜淋巴肿瘤。这些肿瘤可起源于结膜或角膜。暴露于空间辐射，特别是银河宇宙射线和太阳粒子事件，对宇航员健康构成重大威胁，包括眼部恶性肿瘤的发生。因此，本研究的目的是描述前往火星任务中眼表恶性肿瘤的暴露风险、当前的缓解策略以及管理注意事项。当前针对空间辐射的缓解策略包括物理和结构屏蔽以及饮食干预。此外，火星任务期间的眼部健康管理可包括全光传送、人工智能驱动的诊断、最新的太空手术技术、光学相干断层扫描（OCT）等。总之，空间和医疗保健专业人员之间需要进一步开展研究与合作，以确保未来太空探索任务中宇航员的安全与福祉。
